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Tag: Veterinarians

  • Puppy Vaccines 101

    Puppy Vaccines 101

    There is a lot of conflicting information out there about puppy vaccines, including when to vaccinate your puppy, and if vaccines are even safe. No matter how you feel about vaccines, the reality is that many viruses are out there trying to harm your pet.

    In some cases, these invisible threats can cause a perfectly healthy puppy to be as “sick as a dog” within a matter of hours. For puppies with immature bodies, this can be deadly.

    If you have a new puppy, vaccines are an important and necessary part of caring for them. Read on for more information on the puppy vaccine schedule, vaccine safety, and the diseases vaccines prevent in dogs!

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    Puppy Vaccines Schedule

    The timeline of vaccination appointments for puppies typically follows a standard schedule, but it’s important to note that it can vary slightly depending on factors like the puppy’s health, location, and specific recommendations from your veterinarian.

    Here’s a general outline:

    1. 4-6 weeks: Neopar is a vaccine primarily designed to protect against the parvovirus in puppies. It’s often used in breeding facilities and shelters to help prevent outbreaks of parvovirus in susceptible populations. Breeders typically administer Neopar to puppies as early as 4-6 weeks of age, depending on the specific recommendations of their veterinarian and the risk factors present in their environment. Your puppy may or may not have received this vaccine.
    2. 6-8 weeks: The first round of vaccinations usually begins around this time. Puppies receive their initial set of core vaccines, which typically include vaccines for distemper, parvovirus, and adenovirus (canine hepatitis). Some veterinarians may also administer other vaccines depending on the region and risk factors.
    3. 10-12 weeks: The second round of vaccinations occurs a few weeks after the initial set. At this appointment, puppies receive booster shots for the core vaccines to strengthen their immune response. Additionally, your veterinarian may recommend optional vaccines based on your puppy’s lifestyle and risk factors, such as Bordetella (kennel cough) or leptospirosis.
    4. 14-16 weeks: The third round of vaccinations typically takes place around this time. Puppies receive another set of booster shots for the core vaccines and any optional vaccines that were administered at the previous appointment. This helps ensure that your puppy’s immune system develops a strong defense against various diseases.
    5. 12-16 months: After completing the initial series of vaccinations, puppies will need a final round of boosters to ensure long-term immunity. This appointment may also include vaccinations for other diseases or lifestyle factors that your veterinarian deems necessary.
    AgeRequired Puppy VaccinesOptional Puppy Vaccines
    4-6 WeeksNeopar
    6-8 WeeksDistemper, ParvovirusBordatella
    10-12 WeeksDHPP, DAPP, or DA2PP (Distemper, Adenovirus [hepatitis], Parainfluenza, Parvovirus) AKA the “5-in-1”Leptospirosis, Lyme Disease, Influenza, Bordetella
    16-18 WeeksDHPP, DAPP, or DA2PP Booster, RabiesLeptospirosis, Lyme Disease, Influenza, Bordetella
    12-16 MonthsDHPP, DAPP, or DA2PP Booster, RabiesLeptospirosis, Lyme disease, Bordetella, Coronavirus
    Every 1-2 YearsDHPP, DAPP, or DA2PPInfluenza, Coronavirus, Leptospirosis, Lyme disease, Influenza, Bordatella
    Every 1-3 YearsRabies

    For more clarity on vaccines for puppies, visit the AAHA Canine Vaccination Guidelines Page.

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    What Diseases Can Puppies Get?

    Many diseases that our puppies face can be targeted by vaccines.

    Vaccines are a safe, proven, and effective way to dramatically reduce the incidence of deadly diseases.

    1. Distemper: A highly contagious viral disease that affects multiple organ systems and can be fatal, especially in puppies.
    2. Parvovirus: Another highly contagious virus that attacks the gastrointestinal tract and can lead to severe vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, and death, particularly in young puppies.
    3. Adenovirus (Canine hepatitis): There are two forms of adenovirus, one of which causes hepatitis, an inflammation of the liver, and the other targets the respiratory system.
    4. Parainfluenza: Parainfluenza is another respiratory virus that can contribute to kennel cough and other respiratory infections in dogs. While it’s not considered a core vaccine, it’s often included in combination vaccines that protect against multiple diseases.
    5. Canine influenza: There are two strains of influenza virus (H3N8 and H3N2) that can cause respiratory illness in dogs, particularly those in high-density environments like boarding facilities or dog shows.
    6. Rabies: A core vaccine required by law in many regions, including the United States. Rabies is a fatal viral disease that can be transmitted to humans, making vaccination essential for both the health of the puppy and public safety. Rabies vaccination is typically administered when the puppy is around 12-16 weeks old, with booster shots given as recommended by local regulations.
    7. Bordetella (Kennel cough): Protects against Bordetella, a bacterial infection that causes a harsh, hacking cough, often seen in environments where dogs are close, such as kennels, dog parks, or grooming facilities.
    8. Leptospirosis: Guards against Leptospira bacteria, which can lead to kidney and liver damage and is typically contracted through contact with infected urine from wildlife or contaminated water sources.
    9. Lyme disease: Lyme disease is transmitted through the bite of infected ticks and can lead to joint pain, fever, lethargy, and in severe cases, kidney damage. The Lyme disease vaccine is available for dogs who live in or frequent areas where Lyme disease is prevalent, such as wooded or grassy regions.
    10. Canine coronavirus: Canine coronavirus (CCoV) is a contagious intestinal disease that primarily affects dogs’ gastrointestinal tract, causing symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, and lethargy. While not typically considered a core vaccine, the canine coronavirus vaccine may be recommended in certain situations, particularly in environments where CCoV is prevalent or in multi-dog households where there is a higher risk of transmission.
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    Are Vaccines Safe for Puppies?

    Yes, vaccines are generally safe for puppies when administered by a licensed veterinarian following established guidelines. Vaccines undergo rigorous testing for safety and efficacy before being approved for use in animals. It’s a myth that they are harmful, damaging, or cause cancer.

    Unfortunately, many social influencers (including a handful of fringe “holistic” veterinarians), have promoted the idea that vaccines are “toxic”. Their claims are damaging and largely baseless.

    However, like any medical intervention, there can be rare instances of adverse reactions. In most cases, the reaction is self-limiting and easily treated.

    Not vaccinating a dog leaves them susceptible to illnesses that are almost always more severe and damaging than a minor vaccine reaction from a treatment that was meant to protect them. This article from the AAHA is very informative and shares some very interesting statistics, too.

    Here are some key points to consider regarding the safety of vaccines for puppies:

    1. Vaccine Reactions: While adverse reactions to vaccines are uncommon, they can occur. These reactions may include mild symptoms like lethargy or soreness at the injection site, as well as more serious reactions such as allergic reactions or immune-mediated diseases. Puppy owners need to be aware of potential signs of vaccine reactions and report any concerns to their veterinarian promptly.
    2. Vaccine Protocols: Veterinarians follow established vaccine protocols based on factors such as the puppy’s age, health status, lifestyle, and risk of exposure to certain diseases. These protocols help ensure that puppies receive the appropriate vaccines at the right times, minimizing the risk of adverse reactions while providing optimal protection against infectious diseases.
    3. Monitoring: Veterinarians typically monitor puppies for a short period after vaccination to watch for any immediate adverse reactions. Additionally, they can guide puppy owners on what to expect after vaccination and when to seek veterinary care if concerns arise.
    4. Vaccine Safety Studies: Vaccine manufacturers conduct extensive safety studies during the development and testing phases to evaluate the vaccines’ safety profiles. These studies include assessing potential adverse reactions and determining appropriate dosage levels.
    5. Individualized Risk Assessment: Veterinarians consider each puppy’s risk factors when recommending vaccines. Factors such as geographic location, lifestyle, and health status are taken into account to tailor the vaccination plan to the puppy’s specific needs.
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    Is it Illegal to Not Vaccinate Your Dog?

    The legality of not vaccinating your dog varies depending on your location and local regulations. In many regions, certain vaccines, such as the rabies vaccine, are required by law for all dogs. Failure to comply with these vaccination requirements can result in penalties, fines, or other legal consequences.

    Here are some key points to consider regarding the legality of not vaccinating your dog:

    1. Rabies Vaccination Requirements: Rabies vaccination is typically required by law for all dogs in many countries and jurisdictions. This requirement is primarily for public health and safety reasons, as rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease that can be transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected animal.
    2. Local Regulations: In addition to rabies vaccination requirements, some regions may have specific regulations regarding other vaccines, such as those for distemper, parvovirus, and adenovirus. These regulations aim to protect both animal and public health by preventing the spread of infectious diseases.
    3. Enforcement: Enforcement of vaccination requirements can vary depending on local authorities and their priorities. Some areas may have strict enforcement measures in place, including routine checks for vaccination compliance during licensing or registration processes, while others may have less stringent enforcement.
    4. Exemptions: Some regions may allow exemptions from vaccination requirements for medical reasons, such as documented health concerns that make vaccination unsafe for a particular dog. However, these exemptions typically require approval from a licensed veterinarian or public health authority.
    5. Civil Liability: Beyond legal requirements, dog owners have a duty of care to protect their pets’ health and the health of others. Failing to vaccinate a dog against preventable diseases may expose the owner to civil liability if their dog infects other animals or humans with a vaccine-preventable disease.

    Legal Problems with Unvaccinated Dogs

    If you do not vaccinate your pet, in particular against rabies, and your dog bites somebody, Animal Control may confiscate your dog.

    Depending on the circumstances, your pet may be held in a mandatory quarantine and could even be euthanized.

    Because your pet is not vaccinated, if they are exposed to a dangerous disease such as rabies, they may be considered a public health risk. In this situation, this could also mean that Animal Control confiscates (and may euthanize) your beloved pet.

    If your pet carries diseases like parvovirus or distemper into your neighborhood and infects neighboring dogs, you (as the pet owner) could be held responsible for any harm caused.

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    Titers vs. Vaccines for Dogs

    When considering the vaccination protocol for your dog, you may come across the concept of titers as an alternative to traditional vaccines. Titers essentially test for the presence of anti-bodies, and may indicate that your pup doesn’t need a booster vaccine.

    Here’s a comparison between titers and vaccines:

    Vaccines:

    • Definition: Vaccines are medical products designed to stimulate the immune system to recognize and fight off specific infectious agents, such as viruses or bacteria.
    • Administration: Vaccines are typically administered via injection or, in some cases, orally or intranasally.
    • Purpose: The primary purpose of vaccines is to prevent disease by providing active immunity against specific pathogens. They stimulate the production of antibodies and memory cells, which can protect your pet if they are later exposed to the disease-causing agent.
    • Effectiveness: Vaccines are generally highly effective at preventing the target diseases when administered according to recommended schedules and protocols.
    • Duration of Immunity: The duration of immunity provided by vaccines can vary depending on the vaccine and the individual dog’s immune response. Booster shots are often needed to maintain immunity over time.

    Titers:

    • Definition: Titers measure the concentration of specific antibodies in the blood, indicating the dog’s immune response to previous vaccination or natural exposure to a particular pathogen.
    • Testing: Titers are determined through blood tests that measure the level of antibodies against specific diseases.
    • Purpose: Titers can be used to assess a dog’s immune status and determine whether revaccination is necessary. A positive titer indicates that the dog has sufficient immunity against the target disease and may not require additional vaccination.
    • Alternative to Vaccination: Some dog owners opt to test titers instead of automatically revaccinating their dogs, especially for diseases with vaccines that may have associated risks or when considering the dog’s health status.
    • Limitations: While titers can provide valuable information about a dog’s immune response, they do not necessarily correlate with protection from disease in all cases. Titers can be expensive and not all veterinarians offer them. Additionally, there may be variability in titer results between different testing methods and laboratories. In places where certain vaccines (such as rabies) are required by law, titer tests may not be considered an acceptable substitute.

    Titers are frequently advocated for by some “integrative” veterinarians and influencers who align with the “Anti-Vax” movement, often associated with holistic approaches. Their premise is rooted in the belief that vaccines contain harmful toxins and may pose risks to pets.

    They argue against what they perceive as “over-vaccination” of pets, despite a wealth of peer-reviewed scientific evidence demonstrating the safety and efficacy of vaccination protocols.

    Regardless of your stance on pet vaccines, it’s important to recognize that for a titer to indicate the presence of antibodies against specific diseases in your pet, they must have previously been exposed to those diseases, typically through vaccination.

    Titers do not replace vaccines as they do not provide immunity.

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  • Can My Dog Get Covid From Me?

    Can My Dog Get Covid From Me?

    In recent years, the COVID-19 pandemic has raised many concerns about the transmission of the virus between humans and animals. As pet owners, it’s natural to wonder whether our furry friends, particularly dogs, can contract the virus from us. Let’s explore this topic in detail.

    Can my dog get covid from me? Possibly. See below for more.

    Can my dog get covid from me

    Understanding COVID-19 Transmission

    COVID-19 primarily spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people nearby or be inhaled into the lungs. Additionally, touching surfaces contaminated with the virus and then touching the face can also lead to transmission.

    People who are vaccinated against COVID-19 significantly reduce the risk of severe illness, hospitalization, and transmission of the virus to others.

    However, there is no COVID-19 vaccine for dogs.

    Can My Dog Get Covid From Me?

    While there have been isolated cases of pets testing positive for COVID-19, the risk of transmission from humans to dogs appears to be low.

    According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), and the World Health Organization (WHO), there is limited evidence to suggest that dogs can become infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19.

    Cases of Covid in Dogs

    Though rare, there have been instances where dogs have tested positive for the virus. In most cases, these dogs were in close contact with infected individuals.

    However, it’s essential to note that these instances do not suggest widespread transmission from humans to dogs.

    Additionally, the infected dogs typically showed mild symptoms or remained asymptomatic.

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    How to Prevent COVID in Dogs

    While the risk of transmitting COVID-19 to your dog is low, it’s still essential to take precautions to protect both yourself and your furry companion:

    1. Practice Good Hygiene: Wash your hands frequently with soap and water, especially after coughing, sneezing, or touching your face. This reduces the risk of contaminating surfaces that your dog may come into contact with.
    2. Limit Close Contact: If you’re feeling unwell, particularly if you have symptoms of COVID-19, avoid close contact with your dog. This includes hugging, kissing, and sharing food or bedding. While it’s unlikely that your dog will get COVID from you, this precaution might give you peace of mind.
    3. Routine Veterinary Care: Ensure that your dog receives regular veterinary check-ups and vaccinations. If you have concerns about your pet’s health, consult your veterinarian promptly.
    4. Stay Informed: Stay updated on the latest information and recommendations from reputable sources such as the CDC, AVMA, and WHO regarding COVID-19 and its impact on pets.

    If your pet shows any of the following symptoms, see a veterinarian immediately:

    • Respiratory signs: coughing, sneezing, difficulty breathing
    • Lethargy
    • Fever
    • Nasal discharge
    • Vomiting
    • Diarrhea
    • Loss of appetite

    It’s important to note that while these symptoms may indicate a potential COVID-19 infection in dogs, they are also common in many other canine diseases. Additionally, COVID-19 infections in dogs are rare, but if you observe these symptoms in your pet, it’s best to consult a veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment.

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    What Respiratory Illnesses Are Dogs Susceptible To?

    Dogs can be susceptible to various respiratory illnesses, some of which include:

    1. Kennel Cough (Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis): This highly contagious respiratory infection is typically caused by a combination of viruses and bacteria, including Bordetella. It is characterized by a persistent cough, often described as a “honking” or dry cough, and may be accompanied by nasal discharge and fever.

      Vaccines are available to protect against some of the pathogens that contribute to kennel cough, including Bordetella and canine parainfluenza virus. These vaccines are often recommended for dogs that are at increased risk of exposure, such as those who frequently visit boarding facilities, dog parks, or grooming salons.
    2. Canine Influenza: Similar to human influenza, canine influenza is caused by influenza viruses and can lead to symptoms such as coughing, sneezing, nasal discharge, fever, and lethargy. There are two strains of canine influenza virus: H3N8 and H3N2.

      Vaccines are available for both strains of canine influenza virus (H3N8 and H3N2). These vaccines are typically recommended for dogs at risk of exposure to the virus, such as those who participate in activities with other dogs, such as dog shows, competitions, or daycare.
    3. Canine Distemper: Distemper is a highly contagious viral disease that affects multiple organ systems, including the respiratory system. Dogs with distemper may exhibit symptoms such as coughing, nasal discharge, fever, lethargy, and respiratory distress.

      Distemper vaccination is a core component of the canine vaccination schedule. The distemper vaccine is typically administered as part of the combination vaccine known as DHPP or DA2PP, which also protects against canine adenovirus, canine parvovirus, and canine parainfluenza virus.
    4. Canine Parainfluenza: This viral infection is one of the components of kennel cough and can cause symptoms such as coughing, nasal discharge, and fever.
    5. Canine Pneumonia: Pneumonia in dogs can be caused by various infectious agents, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. It is characterized by inflammation of the lungs and can lead to symptoms such as coughing, difficulty breathing, nasal discharge, fever, and lethargy.
    6. Heartworm Disease: While primarily a cardiovascular disease, heartworms can migrate to the lungs, leading to respiratory symptoms such as coughing, exercise intolerance, and difficulty breathing.

      Heartworm disease can affect the lungs and respiratory system. Prevention is key, and there are several FDA-approved heartworm preventatives available for dogs, including monthly oral medications, topical treatments, and injectable formulations.
    7. Fungal Infections: Fungal infections such as blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, and coccidioidomycosis can affect the respiratory system in dogs, causing symptoms such as coughing, difficulty breathing, and lethargy.

    Prompt veterinary care is essential if you suspect your dog may be suffering from a respiratory illness to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment.

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    Conclusion

    While the possibility of transmitting COVID-19 to your dog exists, it remains relatively low compared to human-to-human transmission. By practicing good hygiene, limiting close contact when necessary, and staying informed, you can help mitigate the risk to both yourself and your beloved pet. Remember, being a responsible pet owner involves taking proactive measures to ensure the health and well-being of all members of your household, including your furry friends.

  • Signs of Hip Dysplasia in Puppies & Dogs

    Signs of Hip Dysplasia in Puppies & Dogs

    Hip dysplasia is a common orthopedic condition that affects dogs of various breeds and sizes. It occurs when the hip joint develops abnormally, leading to discomfort, pain, and mobility issues. While hip dysplasia is often associated with older dogs, it can also affect puppies. Understanding the signs and symptoms of hip dysplasia in dogs and puppies is crucial for early detection and management.

    This blog post will cover:

    • Signs of Hip Dysplasia in Dogs
    • Puppy’s that sit funny (and what it means)
    • How to prevent hip dysplasia in puppies
    • Puppy nutrition & growth disorders
    • Hip dysplasia diagnosis
    • Treating dogs with hip dysplasia
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    Signs of Hip Dysplasia in Puppies and Dogs

    Here are some key indicators to watch for:

    1. Difficulty Rising: Puppies and dogs with hip dysplasia may struggle to get up from a lying or sitting position. You might notice them hesitating or using their front legs to push themselves up.
    2. Lameness or Limping: A noticeable limp, especially in the hind legs, can be a sign of hip dysplasia. Dogs may favor one leg over the other or exhibit an uneven gait while walking or running.
    3. Decreased Activity Levels: If your puppy or dog is less active than usual, it could indicate discomfort or pain associated with hip dysplasia. They may be reluctant to participate in activities they once enjoyed, such as playing fetch or going for walks.
    4. Stiffness or Pain: Dogs with hip dysplasia may exhibit stiffness, particularly after periods of rest or physical activity. They may also show signs of pain when touched around the hip area or when attempting certain movements.
    5. Audible Clicking or Popping Sounds: Some dogs with hip dysplasia may produce clicking or popping sounds when they move their hips. These noises can indicate joint instability and should be evaluated by a veterinarian.
    6. Loss of Muscle Mass: As hip dysplasia progresses, affected muscles may become weaker or atrophied, particularly in the hindquarters. This loss of muscle mass can contribute to further mobility issues and difficulty supporting the body’s weight.
    7. Difficulty Climbing Stairs or Jumping: Activities that require the use of the hind legs, such as climbing stairs or jumping onto furniture, can be challenging for dogs with hip dysplasia. They may hesitate or exhibit reluctance to perform these movements.

    If you notice any of these signs or symptoms in your puppy or dog, it’s essential to consult with your veterinarian promptly. Early detection and intervention can help manage hip dysplasia and improve your pet’s quality of life.

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    How is Hip Dysplasia Diagnosed in Dogs?

    Diagnosing hip dysplasia in dogs typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history review, and diagnostic imaging. Here’s an overview of the steps involved in diagnosing hip dysplasia:

    1. Physical Examination: During a physical exam, the veterinarian will observe your dog’s gait, posture, and range of motion in the hips and hind legs. They may also palpate the hip joints to check for pain, stiffness, or abnormalities.
    2. Medical History Review: Providing a detailed medical history, including any signs or symptoms you’ve noticed in your dog, can help the veterinarian assess the likelihood of hip dysplasia. Information about your dog’s breed, age, and activity level is also relevant.
    3. Diagnostic Imaging: X-rays (radiographs) are the primary diagnostic tool used to evaluate hip dysplasia in dogs. Sedation or anesthesia may be necessary to obtain clear images, especially in uncooperative or anxious patients. X-rays allow veterinarians to assess the shape of the hip joints, the degree of joint laxity (looseness), and the presence of any arthritic changes.
    4. Additional Tests: In some cases, additional diagnostic tests such as CT scans or MRI may be recommended to provide a more detailed assessment of the hip joint structures. These advanced imaging techniques can be particularly useful for evaluating soft tissue abnormalities and detecting early signs of hip dysplasia.
    5. Orthopedic Evaluation: Depending on the severity of the hip dysplasia and the presence of other orthopedic issues, the veterinarian may perform additional orthopedic tests to assess joint stability, muscle strength, and overall function.

    Once hip dysplasia is diagnosed, the veterinarian will discuss treatment options tailored to your dog’s specific needs. Treatment may include a combination of medical management, weight management, physical therapy, and surgical intervention, depending on the severity of the condition and the dog’s circumstances.

    Regular follow-up examinations and monitoring are essential to track the progression of hip dysplasia and adjust treatment plans as needed. With early diagnosis and appropriate management, dogs with hip dysplasia can lead active and comfortable lives.

    Hip Dysplasia in Dogs
    An abnormal hip x-ray, indicating possible Hip Dysplasia in a dog

    How is Hip Dysplasia Treated in Dogs?

    The treatment approach for hip dysplasia in dogs depends on various factors, including the severity of the condition, the dog’s age, overall health, and lifestyle. Here’s an overview of common treatment options for hip dysplasia:

    1. Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for dogs with hip dysplasia. Excess weight places additional strain on the hip joints and can exacerbate symptoms. Your veterinarian may recommend a balanced diet and exercise plan tailored to your dog’s needs to help achieve and maintain an optimal body condition.
    2. Medications: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be prescribed to alleviate pain and inflammation associated with hip dysplasia. These medications can help improve comfort and mobility, allowing affected dogs to lead more active lives. It’s essential to follow your veterinarian’s dosage instructions and monitor for any potential side effects.
    3. Joint Supplements: Glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, and omega-3 fatty acids are commonly used as joint supplements to support joint health and reduce cartilage degeneration. While these supplements may not reverse existing hip dysplasia, they can help slow the progression of arthritis and improve joint function over time.
    4. Physical Therapy: Rehabilitation exercises, such as swimming, hydrotherapy, and therapeutic stretching, can help strengthen the muscles surrounding the hip joints and improve the range of motion. Physical therapy can also alleviate pain, reduce stiffness, and enhance overall mobility in dogs with hip dysplasia.
    5. Lifestyle Modifications: Making adjustments to your dog’s environment and daily routine can help minimize stress on the hips. Providing supportive bedding, using ramps or stairs to avoid jumping, and limiting high-impact activities can help manage hip dysplasia symptoms and prevent further joint damage.
    6. Surgical Intervention: In severe cases of hip dysplasia or when conservative management fails to provide adequate relief, surgical options may be considered. Common surgical procedures for hip dysplasia include:
    • Total Hip Replacement (THR): This procedure involves replacing the entire hip joint with a prosthetic implant, providing pain relief and restoring normal joint function.
    • Femoral Head Ostectomy (FHO): In FHO surgery, the femoral head (the “ball” of the hip joint) is removed, allowing the surrounding muscles to support the hip joint and reduce pain.
    • Triple Pelvic Osteotomy (TPO): TPO surgery involves altering the shape of the pelvis to improve hip joint stability and reduce the risk of arthritis.

    Regular veterinary examinations and monitoring are essential for dogs undergoing treatment for hip dysplasia. Your veterinarian will assess your dog’s progress, adjust treatment as needed, and provide guidance on managing long-term joint health.

    By combining appropriate treatment modalities and lifestyle modifications, pet owners can effectively manage hip dysplasia and improve their dog’s quality of life. Working closely with your veterinarian and following their recommendations can help optimize outcomes for dogs with this common orthopedic condition.

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    Does Pet Insurance Cover Hip Dysplasia?

    Whether pet insurance covers hip dysplasia depends on the specific policy and insurance provider. Some pet insurance companies offer coverage for hip dysplasia as part of their standard plans, while others may offer it as an optional add-on or require the purchase of a higher-tier plan with broader coverage.

    Here are some key points to consider regarding pet insurance coverage for hip dysplasia:

    1. Pre-Existing Conditions: Most pet insurance policies do not cover pre-existing conditions, including hip dysplasia that was diagnosed before the policy’s effective date or during the waiting period. It’s essential to review the policy terms and exclusions carefully to understand what is and isn’t covered.
    2. Breed-Specific Considerations: Some insurance providers may impose breed-specific restrictions or limitations on coverage for conditions like hip dysplasia. Certain breeds are more prone to developing hip dysplasia, so insurers may adjust premiums or coverage options accordingly.
    3. Coverage Limits and Waiting Periods: Pet insurance policies typically have annual coverage limits, deductibles, and waiting periods before coverage for specific conditions, including hip dysplasia, becomes effective. Be sure to review these details when selecting a policy to ensure it meets your pet’s needs.
    4. Optional Coverage Add-Ons: Some pet insurance companies offer optional wellness plans or riders that cover preventive care, including hip dysplasia screening and diagnostic testing. Adding these options to your policy may provide additional coverage for managing your dog’s orthopedic health.
    5. Policy Renewals and Changes: Insurance providers may adjust coverage terms, premiums, or exclusions at policy renewal. It’s essential to stay informed about any changes to your policy and consider how they may impact coverage for hip dysplasia and other conditions.

    Before purchasing pet insurance, carefully research different providers, compare coverage options and exclusions and consider factors such as cost, coverage limits, and customer reviews. Discussing your specific concerns, including hip dysplasia coverage, with insurance representatives can help you make an informed decision about the best policy for your pet’s needs.

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    What Causes Dogs to Get Hip Dysplasia?

    Hip dysplasia in dogs is a multifactorial condition with both genetic and environmental influences. While the exact cause of hip dysplasia is not fully understood, several factors contribute to its development:

    1. Genetics: Genetics plays a significant role in the development of hip dysplasia. It is believed to be a polygenic trait, meaning it involves multiple genes, each with a small effect on susceptibility. Dogs with a family history of hip dysplasia are at a higher risk of inheriting the condition. When choosing a breeder for your puppy, verify that both parents have been OFA Hip Tested.
    2. Breed Predisposition: Certain dog breeds are more prone to hip dysplasia than others. Large and giant breeds, such as Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, German Shepherds, and Great Danes, are among the most commonly affected. This suggests a genetic predisposition to the condition within these breeds.
    3. Developmental Factors: Hip dysplasia primarily affects growing puppies and young dogs, as the abnormal development of the hip joint occurs during the early stages of skeletal growth. Factors such as rapid growth rate, excessive weight gain, improper nutrition, and inappropriate exercise during the puppyhood stages can contribute to the development and progression of hip dysplasia. I’ll cover nutritional factors below!
    4. Joint laxity: In dogs with hip dysplasia, the hip joint may exhibit excessive laxity or looseness, allowing abnormal movement and instability. This laxity can lead to increased wear and tear on the joint surfaces, cartilage damage, and inflammation, ultimately contributing to the development of hip dysplasia and secondary osteoarthritis.
    5. Environmental Factors: Environmental factors, including diet, exercise, and management practices, can influence the development and progression of hip dysplasia. Providing appropriate nutrition, maintaining a healthy body weight, and avoiding excessive or high-impact exercise during the critical growth phases can help mitigate the risk of hip dysplasia in susceptible dogs.
    6. Other Factors: Hormonal influences, such as estrogen and testosterone levels, may also affect the development of hip dysplasia. Additionally, factors such as trauma, joint infections, and inflammatory conditions can contribute to the progression of hip dysplasia or exacerbate existing symptoms.

    While hip dysplasia is influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, responsible breeding practices and proactive management strategies can help reduce the prevalence and severity of the condition in susceptible dog breeds. Early detection, appropriate veterinary care, and lifestyle modifications are essential for managing hip dysplasia and improving affected dogs’ quality of life.

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    How to Prevent Hip Dysplasia in Puppies

    Preventing hip dysplasia in puppies involves a combination of responsible breeding practices, proper nutrition, appropriate exercise, and proactive management strategies. While it may not be possible to eliminate the risk of hip dysplasia, these measures can help reduce the likelihood and severity of the condition. Here are some steps to consider:

    1. Choose Responsible Breeders: When acquiring a puppy, choose a reputable breeder who prioritizes health and genetic screening. Look for breeders who perform hip evaluations (such as OFA or PennHIP x-rays) on breeding dogs and strive to produce puppies with sound hip conformation. Avoid purchasing puppies from sources that prioritize profit over the health and welfare of the dogs.
    2. Consider Breed Selection: If you’re considering adding a dog to your family, research different breeds and their predisposition to hip dysplasia. While hip dysplasia can occur in any breed, certain breeds, such as Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, and German Shepherds, are more prone to the condition. Choosing a breed with a lower risk of hip dysplasia may reduce the likelihood of the condition occurring.
    3. Provide Balanced Nutrition: Feed your puppy a balanced and nutritious diet appropriate for their age, breed size, and activity level. Proper nutrition is essential for healthy skeletal development and muscle growth. Avoid overfeeding or excessive weight gain, as excess body weight can increase the risk of hip dysplasia and other orthopedic conditions. It’s especially important to ensure that large and giant breed puppies receive balanced levels of calcium and phosphorus in their diet.
    4. Control Growth Rate: Large and giant breed puppies are particularly susceptible to hip dysplasia due to their rapid growth rate. To help reduce the risk, feed controlled portions to prevent rapid weight gain and avoid over-supplementation with growth-promoting nutrients, toppers, and treats. Consult with your veterinarian for guidance on an appropriate feeding plan for your puppy’s specific needs.
    5. Provide Adequate Exercise: Encourage regular, low-impact exercise to promote muscle strength, joint stability, and overall fitness in puppies. Avoid excessive or high-impact activities, such as jumping and rough play on hard surfaces, especially during the critical growth phases. Moderate exercise helps support healthy joint development without placing excessive stress on the hips.
    6. Maintain a Healthy Weight: Keep your puppy at a healthy body weight to minimize strain on the hip joints. Excess weight can exacerbate existing hip dysplasia or increase the risk of developing the condition. Monitor your puppy’s body condition regularly and adjust their diet and exercise as needed to maintain an ideal weight.
    7. Regular Veterinary Check-ups: Schedule regular veterinary examinations for your puppy to monitor their growth and development. Your veterinarian can assess your puppy’s hip conformation and guide you on preventive measures, nutritional counseling, and appropriate exercise routines tailored to their specific needs.
    8. Early Intervention: If you notice any signs of hip dysplasia or orthopedic issues in your puppy, such as limping, stiffness, or difficulty rising, consult with your veterinarian promptly. Early detection and intervention can help manage the condition and prevent further joint damage.

    By incorporating these preventive measures into your puppy’s care routine and working closely with your veterinarian, you can help minimize the risk of hip dysplasia and promote your puppy’s overall health and well-being.

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    Calcium in Puppy Food & Hip Dysplasia

    The relationship between calcium levels in puppy food and hip dysplasia is a topic of ongoing research and discussion in the veterinary community. While calcium is essential for healthy bone development, excessive or imbalanced levels of calcium in a puppy’s diet may contribute to skeletal abnormalities, including hip dysplasia, especially in large and giant breed puppies.

    Many “super premium” and holistic type pet foods are not properly balanced for puppies. I recommend sticking to brands that meet WSAVA recommendations for ingredient sourcing, quality control, manufacturing, and formulation practices.

    Here are some key points to consider regarding calcium in puppy food and its potential impact on hip dysplasia:

    1. Balanced Nutrition: Providing a balanced diet that meets the nutritional needs of growing puppies is essential for skeletal health. Calcium plays a crucial role in bone formation, but it must be provided in the appropriate amount and ratio relative to other nutrients, such as phosphorus and vitamin D.
    2. Calcium Imbalance: Excessive dietary calcium levels or imbalances in the calcium-to-phosphorus ratio can disrupt the normal development of bone and cartilage in puppies, potentially predisposing them to orthopedic conditions like hip dysplasia. Conversely, insufficient calcium levels can also affect bone health and lead to developmental abnormalities.
    3. Growth Rate Management: Controlling the growth rate of large and giant breed puppies is important for reducing the risk of skeletal disorders, including hip dysplasia. Rapid growth and excessive weight gain during the puppyhood stages can place additional stress on developing joints and increase the likelihood of orthopedic problems.

    The Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) establishes standards and regulations for pet food labeling and nutritional adequacy in the United States. When it comes to dog food for puppies, AAFCO provides specific guidelines and statements to ensure that the food meets the nutritional needs of growing puppies. Here are some common AAFCO statements found on dog food labels for puppies:

    1. Complete and Balanced: This statement indicates that the dog food has undergone feeding trials or meets the nutrient profiles established by AAFCO for puppies. It assures consumers that the food provides all essential nutrients in the correct proportions to support the growth and development of puppies.
    2. Formulated to Meet the Nutritional Levels Established by AAFCO: This statement indicates that dog food is formulated to meet the nutrient requirements outlined by AAFCO for puppies. While the food may not have undergone feeding trials, it is designed to provide adequate nutrition for puppies based on AAFCO’s guidelines.
    3. Life Stage Designation (e.g., “For Puppies” or “Growth and Reproduction”): Dog foods labeled for puppies are formulated to meet the specific nutritional needs of growing puppies. AAFCO requires that these foods contain higher levels of certain nutrients, such as protein, fat, calcium, and phosphorus, to support healthy growth and development.
    4. Nutritional Adequacy Statement: This statement indicates whether the dog food is intended for growth, maintenance, or all life stages. Dog foods labeled for puppies should include a statement indicating that the food is suitable for growth, meaning it provides the essential nutrients necessary for the growth and development of puppies.

    When selecting food for dogs expected to weigh more than 70 pounds as adults (including giant puppies such as Great Danes), seek out the label indicating that the food is specifically formulated to support the growth of large breeds.

    Consultation with Veterinarian: Before making any changes to your puppy’s diet or feeding regimen, it’s crucial to consult with your veterinarian. They can provide personalized guidance based on your puppy’s breed, age, health status, and nutritional requirements.It’s important for pet owners to carefully read and understand the information provided on dog food labels, including AAFCO statements, to ensure that they are selecting a high-quality, nutritionally balanced food for their puppies.

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    Natural Treatments for Hip Dysplasia in Dogs

    Natural treatments for hip dysplasia in dogs focus on managing symptoms, reducing inflammation, and promoting joint health through holistic approaches. While these treatments may not cure hip dysplasia, they can help alleviate discomfort and improve your dog’s quality of life. Here are some natural treatment options to consider:

    1. Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for managing hip dysplasia in dogs. Excess weight puts additional strain on the joints, exacerbating symptoms and increasing the risk of progression. Consult with your veterinarian to develop a weight management plan tailored to your dog’s needs, which may include portion control, a balanced diet, and regular exercise.
    2. Regular Nail Trimming: Regular nail trimming is essential for maintaining your dog’s comfort and preventing overgrowth, which can lead to discomfort and mobility issues. It’s important to use proper nail trimmers and techniques to avoid cutting into the quick, causing pain and bleeding.
    3. Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish oil supplements, have anti-inflammatory properties that can help reduce joint inflammation and alleviate pain associated with hip dysplasia. Adding omega-3 supplements to your dog’s diet may help improve joint mobility and overall comfort.
    4. Glucosamine and Chondroitin: Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are natural compounds that support joint health and cartilage repair. These supplements are commonly used to manage osteoarthritis and may benefit dogs with hip dysplasia by promoting joint lubrication and reducing cartilage degeneration. I recommend Dasaquin Advanced.
    5. Turmeric: Turmeric contains curcumin, a natural anti-inflammatory compound that may help alleviate joint pain and inflammation in dogs with hip dysplasia. Adding turmeric to your dog’s diet or providing curcumin supplements may offer symptomatic relief.
    6. Massage and Physical Therapy: Gentle massage and physical therapy techniques can help improve joint mobility, reduce muscle tension, and alleviate pain in dogs with hip dysplasia. Consider working with a certified canine rehabilitation therapist or physical therapist to develop a customized exercise and massage regimen tailored to your dog’s needs.
    7. Acupuncture: Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicine practice that involves inserting thin needles into specific points on the body to promote healing and pain relief. Some dog owners find acupuncture beneficial for managing hip dysplasia symptoms and improving mobility.
    8. Cold and Heat Therapy: Applying cold packs or heating pads to the affected hip joint can help reduce inflammation and soothe discomfort. Cold therapy is particularly effective during acute flare-ups of hip dysplasia, while heat therapy can provide relief for chronic pain and stiffness.

    Before starting any natural treatment regimen for hip dysplasia, it’s essential to consult with your veterinarian to ensure that the chosen therapies are safe and appropriate for your dog’s individual needs. Integrating a combination of natural treatments with veterinary care and lifestyle modifications can help optimize management of hip dysplasia and improve your dog’s comfort and mobility.

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    By staying vigilant and proactive, pet owners can effectively manage hip dysplasia and ensure their furry companions lead happy, healthy lives.

  • Purina Heavy Metals Test Results

    Purina Heavy Metals Test Results

    We wanted to give you an update on Purina heavy metals test results, because the verdict is in!

    Numerous pet owners are worried about giving Purina pet food to their animals, citing concerns about potential toxins in the food. The concerns began in 2023 with a toxicology screening report from Kansas State University, which showed potentially elevated levels of certain metals in Purina Pro Plan Sensitive Skin & Stomach food.

    Both Purina and the FDA have looked into this issue. The food was retested at two different labs.

    FACT CHECK: Repeated testing found that Purina foods are safe to feed. The initial test results were incorrect, due to an error that occured during testing.

    Update: March 6th, 2024

    After the first round of pet food samples Dr. Morgan sent for testing came back clean (January), she implored pet owners to submit kibble food samples from their homes.

    She sent these samples to the lab, and the food returned clean once again.

    This information was buried in a 14-minute video posted to her YouTube and Facebook channels on March 6th. Dr. Morgan has spent thousands of dollars trying to prove that something is “seriously wrong” with the food and continues to turn up empty-handed.

    To deflect from these test results, her video contains nearly 15 minutes of speculation and misleading information, including:

    • Conspiracies about other sites “scrubbing” information
    • Pet stores and brands dumping food by the truckload (which has always happened for various reasons; this is not new)
    • Pet brands are offering discounts and coupons (she believes that they are desperate to give the food away)
    • Speculation that the food contains “pesticides,” which are supposedly what’s causing the problem, and continued testing is needed
    • Statements about a widespread problem of pet food containing bugs, spiders, and spider webs (apparently, this is happening despite the supposed use of ‘pesticides,’ which is hugely contradictory to her argument)

    She spends a lot of time discussing her theory that the food contains pesticides and believes that they haven’t found a lab willing to find the contaminant.

    None of the foods tested positive, but she believes they haven’t yet found the right contaminant to test for.

    A few moments later, she blames the lack of verified reports from pet owners on veterinarians not testing the stomach contents of the dogs who died (during an autopsy).

    This is also contradictory because if the food comes up clean in lab reports, the stomach contents would also come up clean. It’s not like the stomach contents magically reveal the supposed contamination when the food seems to have nothing wrong with it.

    Statements like this are deliberate and meant to mislead pet owners into continuing to believe there is a problem despite the complete lack of evidence.

    Dr. Morgan is now imploring people to send her photos and videos of pet food in dumpsters. This is precisely the kind of conspiracy fodder needed to perpetuate this ongoing “kibble fiasco” and does little more than keep worried (and susceptible) pet owners busy.

    At the same time, she continues to drag this out.

    Update: January 30th, 2024

    Two independent lab results from Purina came back clean, and the tests that Dr. Judy Morgan sent also came back clean.

    She spent around $4000 to have lab tests done on Purina Pet food. In a video on her Facebook page on January 30th, she mentioned that they did not find heavy metals, Aflatoxins, Pentobarbital, Melamine, Vitamin D, Clostridium, Listeria, or Salmonella.

    I will discuss this further, but the key point is that Purina does not contain harmful levels of heavy metals. Any contrary information you encounter is rooted in online rumors and a social media campaign leveraging fear-based marketing to promote “holistic” alternatives.

    Purina heavy metals test results

    Kansas State University KSU Heavy Metals Report on Purina Food

    In November 2023, a post gained viral traction on social media, suggesting three dogs fell seriously ill after consuming Pro Plan Sensitive dog food. The post showcased a portion of a document containing toxicology results from the Kansas State University laboratory.

    The report highlighted heightened levels of specific heavy metals, leading to understandable concern among pet parents.

    Numerous individuals questioned the reliability of the report. Purina is renowned for maintaining an extensive quality control and testing program. The notion that they would distribute food with toxic levels of heavy metals to store shelves appeared far-fetched.

    Furthermore, the report lacked crucial details, including the specific Purina formula tested (such as the lot/batch number), and reference numbers or information providing context on what an average value might typically be for similar foods.

    Despite the red flags, the holistic pet community grabbed hold of this and started spreading it around as “proof” that Purina pet foods are dangerous to feed. That is another discussion, which I cover in depth in another blog post titled “Is Purina Dog Food Making Dogs Sick”. You can read it here!

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    Heavy Metals Analysis Testing Error

    An update was released on January 15th, 2024. Purina published that the samples were tested again by Kansas State University AND Iowa State University’s Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory.

    The results of both tests confirmed that there had been a testing error in the initial heavy metals analysis for Purina Pro Plan Sensitive Skin & Stomach.

    Purina pet foods are, in fact, safe to feed.

    Occasional failures occur in all laboratories. Contamination, storage and processing errors and equipment malfunctions can contribute to issues that skew test results. This underscores the importance of repeating critical tests and screenings to ensure accuracy.

    Unfortunately, this now-debunked toxicology screening has caused untold amounts of anxiety and panic among pet parents! Some people are still spreading the initial report as fact, which is misguided, misleading, and disingenuous.

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    Purina’s Response to Online Rumors

    Purina says that as few as two consumer reports associated with any food or product will prompt them to investigate. Due to the viral spread of the heavy metal screening test result on social media, hundreds of reports related to various products in their line were generated.

    In light of this rumor, our Quality Assurance team has reviewed all incoming consumer contacts, manufacturing, and quality assurance data (this includes ingredient testing, analytical data throughout the production process, and quality assurance post-production testing) for the past year.

    Purina Media

    To clarify, Purina did treat this matter seriously. As numerous pet owners seek explanations for their pets’ illnesses and fatalities, it’s crucial to recognize that pets can fall ill irrespective of the food they consume.

    There is no concrete evidence suggesting that Purina has caused harm to any dogs. Social media reports seem to stem from individuals who neglected veterinary consultation, disregarded diagnosed conditions (such as Parvo, unrelated to pet food), or attributed every ailment, from obstructions to poisoning and genetic disorders, to Purina.

    The media team at Purina has responded swiftly to all reports and has published a page with information about the online rumors. You can read it HERE.

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    Is There a Silent Recall of Purina Food?

    Despite proof from multiple University labs that Purina Pro Plan pet food is safe to feed, anxious pet parents and social influencers continue to promote the idea that a recall is imminent.

    Purina has consistently addressed this issue through multiple statements on its social media platforms and website. However, some individuals are reluctant to accept these explanations.

    Individuals who suspect that Purina is concealing information promote the notion that the company is engaging in a “silent recall.” Their theory is that Purina is quietly pulling food from store shelves but is not publishing a recall with the FDA.

    Of course, this is a theory with no basis or proof. It’s important to emphasize that a “silent recall” is purely speculative and lacks substantiated basis or evidence.

    Purina remains readily available for purchase from major retailers like Chewy. If it is unavailable in a particular pet store, it’s more likely due to a stock issue than a recall.

    There is no such thing as a ‘silent recall,’ and quietly retracting product from the market that has been proven to be harmful to pets would be both irresponsible and illegal. Information about any recall is shared immediately with the FDA, consumers, retailers and veterinarians.

    Purina Media

    Whether people want to believe it or not, most veterinarians recommend brands like Purina, Hill’s, and Royal Canin because of the amount of quality control, testing, and nutritional science behind those brands.

    Unless the FDA publishes an official recall, there is little (if any) reason to be concerned.

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    Purina Heavy Metals Test Results from Dr. Morgan

    Dr. Judy Morgan, a prominent holistic influencer leading the anti-Purina campaign, purportedly sent samples of Purina pet food to independent labs for testing.

    There is no information available regarding how she acquired, stored, or handled the samples, and it’s unclear whether they originated from the homes of pet parents who allege that the food harmed their pets.

    Despite several weeks passing, those results are still pending. While she attributes the delay to the time-consuming nature of the process, questions arise as Purina has already disclosed the outcomes of their comprehensive tests.

    The whereabouts of Dr. Morgan’s test results remain uncertain; despite this, she continues to promote that the food is full of toxins.

    Author’s Note: I am actively monitoring this social activity and the dissemination of misinformation by Dr. Morgan and her followers. Should she present test results, I will assess their validity and provide an update here.

    Is Purina a Trustworthy Company?

    Ultimately, pet parents have a choice in deciding whom to trust.

    The credibility lies with thousands of practicing veterinarians, board-certified Veterinary Nutritionists, and consistent test results from various laboratories. It’s worth noting that 46 million dogs are fed Purina each year and lead long, joyful, and healthy lives.

    On the other hand, there exists an opposing viewpoint promoted by “holistic” veterinarians who often engage in fear-based marketing tactics. This perspective advocates the belief that extensively researched foods like Purina are detrimental to pets’ health and contain toxins.

    Followers of this viewpoint have been urged to discredit conventional veterinarians and be skeptical of preventive measures such as teeth cleaning, vaccines, and flea/tick medications.

    They leverage this information to promote online courses, books, and alternative foods and supplements (which conveniently, they sell).

    We see this at play in multiple very concerning Facebook groups, which are run or moderated by Dr. Morgan. A lot of easily debunked misinformation is being spread, along with a healthy handful of promotions and brand recommendations (including products that she either owns or has a strong financial affiliation with).

    I think the choice of who to trust is clear as day. I stand with science, evidence, and critical thinking. My dogs eat Purina Pro Plan and are thriving; the proof is in the pudding.

    Notably, with few exceptions, most other social media groups on Facebook are now restricting discussions related to the current “Purina Panic.” This indicates a substantial number of moderators in the pet community actively curbing the spread of misinformation, and we appreciate that!

    Share your perspective! Do you trust Purina, or do you suspect that Purina food may have affected your pet? Feel free to leave a thoughtful comment below. If you align with our scientific approach, please share this post, too!

  • Why Do Vets Recommend Royal Canin

    Why Do Vets Recommend Royal Canin

    Amid the current concerns surrounding pet nutrition, there’s a growing unease among pet owners regarding the conventional recommendations from veterinarians. Royal Canin, Hill’s Science Diet, and Purina stand out as the top three brands frequently endorsed by vets – and for valid reasons. However, there’s a notable confusion among pet owners about why vets recommend Royal Canin, as some find the ingredients questionable.

    Whether we want to believe it or not, Royal Canin stands out as one of the cleanest and most biologically suitable pet foods. However, many people find the ingredients list confusing and in conflict with what they believe to be correct.

    So let’s dig into this. Here are a few topics I’ll cover below!

    • The truth about Royal Canin ingredients & sourcing
    • The reason why veterinarians sell Royal Canin food in their office
    • The quality control and science behind Royal Canin pet food
    • Whether or not veterinarians receive kickbacks or incentives for learning about and promoting Royal Canin food to their clients
    • The reasons why Veterinarians recommend foods like Royal Canin, instead of fresh, raw, or “higher quality” kibbles
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    Are Royal Canin Ingredients Bad?

    Many people promote that Royal Canin food is made up of “absolute trash”.

    The first two ingredients in MANY Royal Canin formulas are:

    Chicken By-Product Meal

    Corn

    To the uneducated pet owner, it’s understandable that those ingredients seem not only alarming but cheap! This is especially true when pet owners are presented with this information by those that they consider to hold a position of expertise (such as their dog trainer or an employee at a pet store).

    How can Royal Canin justify its luxury price point with those ingredients?

    The answer is simple. Those ingredients aren’t bad. The ingredients in Royal Canin pet food result in a nutritious, bioavailable dry diet that has been proven time and time again.

    Hear me out. I know what you have heard AND what you are thinking!

    “By-products in pet food are bad!”
    “Corn is a filler!”

    I’m going to debunk those myths below, but before we get there, let’s start with information sourcing!

    The Truth About “Canine Nutritionists”

    Where did you hear those things from? Did you hear them from a board-certified Veterinary Nutritionist? Or did you hear them from an influencer, blogger, or “canine nutritionist”?

    It’s important to note that “Canine Nutritionist” (and titles similar to it) are made up. The only nutritionist with legitimate credentials will have a board certification in Veterinary nutrition, and/or a PhD in Animal Nutrition. Most other “nutritionists” have little more than a simple online course under their belt.

    Social media is littered with people who have claimed the title of “nutritionist” and share it as a matter of authority. In many cases, they are using their authority to promote “holistic” and “natural” foods through brand deals and affiliate links.

    These very same people who say that “veterinarians don’t learn much about nutrition” are ironically the same ones whose credentials often consist of nothing more than a $10 online course that took a weekend to complete.

    We must be critical of those who obtain these “pet nutrition expert” type titles, as many times they are simply regurgitating what they’ve been taught by other profit-driven influencers such as Dr. Judy Morgan.

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    Ingredients in Royal Canin Pet Food

    As mentioned above, the ingredients in Royal Canin pet food are often looked at with scrutiny by those who promote the idea of “natural” diets for dogs.

    The two controversial ingredients in Royal Canin and many other veterinary-recommended dog food brands are corn and by-products.

    Let’s break this down!

    Chicken By-Product Meal

    By-products in pet food are often misunderstood, but they can contribute valuable species-appropriate nutrients, proteins, and amino acids.

    It’s a complete myth that by-products are ground-up waste from the slaughterhouse floor, or that they contain roadkill, euthanized pets, and diseased animals. The people who spread misinformation like this are nearly always trying to promote or sell a different product or agenda.

    In the U.S. alone, we process billions of chickens for human consumption. Every single one comes with nutritious organs, cartilage, fat, and bone that would go to waste if they weren’t used in pet food.

    When these chicken parts are used in dog food, they are a natural source of nutrients such as calcium, phosphorus, Iron, B-12, Folate, Selenium, Choline, and more. Avoiding the use of by-products in pet food formulations may mean the company must make up nutritional deficiencies in the formula with additional synthetic vitamins.

    Not that there is anything inherently wrong with vitamins and minerals being added to the diet, but it does feel good to know that so many vitamins, minerals, and amino acids in our pet’s Royal Canin food may be coming from natural ingredients (whole chicken) rather than powders.

    Just because “by-products” sounds bad, doesn’t mean that it is! But if you are still on the fence, I’ll leave you with this, too: if you’ve ever given your dog glucosamine, chicken paws, trachea, liver treats, raw food, bones of any kind, pig ears or bully sticks, you’ve given your pet by-products.

    Enough said. Stop worrying about by-products in pet food, especially when it’s seen in veterinary-recommended brands.

    Corn in Pet Food

    Many people consider corn to be a filler in pet food, but have no clue why they feel that way. While it may seem counter-intuitive to feed corn to an animal that should have a lot of meat, consider this!

    Corn is more digestible than beef. It also has a similar amino acid profile, making it a great source of necessary nutrients.

    All dry kibble diets require some kind of starch to bind the meat products together. Many people are surprised to learn that corn may be a superior choice to other grains and legumes! It’s not a filler, and also not something to be afraid of.

    Not only can corn be a source of certain amino acids, it provides energy and fiber.

    In Royal Canin foods where chicken by-product meal and corn often make up the first 2 ingredients, we can be almost positive that the majority of the nutrition in the formula comes from those two things. That’s phenomenal.

    Still on the fence about corn in pet food? Check out this article from boarded Veterinary Nutritionists.

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    Why Do Vets Recommend Royal Canin?

    Even if you don’t buy into the concept that chicken by-product meal and corn are nutritious, bioavailable ingredients in pet food, you have to admit that as a company Royal Canin is incredible.

    Curious about why? Here are some stats:

    • The ROYAL CANIN® brand has pledged to achieve carbon neutrality certification by the conclusion of 2025. The initial product range is set to attain carbon-neutral certification by 2023, showcasing the brand’s dedicated efforts towards environmental sustainability.
    • Ongoing laboratory testing at every stage of production ensures product cleanliness and safety
    • 500,000 lab analyses are done every year by the Royal Canin team. That’s 1400 tests done every day.
    • Suppliers and distributors must meet stringent quality protocols that meet their standards
    • A sample of every raw material brought to the factory is kept for 2 years. This means that every bag purchased is fully traceable back to the source for at least the duration of its shelf life.
    • The Royal Canin Foundation provides financial and organizational backing to projects worldwide, amplifying the positive impact that pets have on human health and well-being. These initiatives focus on three primary areas: enhancing the health and well-being of working dogs, and supporting pets that contribute to both human health and medical well-being
    • All of Royal Canin’s products are not crafted based on trends in human nutrition or the preferences of pet owners. Instead, they are meticulously researched and developed using innovative nutritional science and observations of cats and dogs.

    Veterinarians recommend Royal Canin Foods because the company has a proven track record of providing safe, nutritious, and highly researched foods to pet owners.

    We haven’t even touched yet on the millions of dollars that Royal Canin has poured into nutrition and pet health research. They recently developed a simple, non-invasive test that cat owners can use to detect blood in their pet’s urine, helping owners detect health problems in their cats sooner than ever before.

    The put this simply, Royal Canin is often vilified by people who lack credentials in pet nutrition because doing so allows them to sell products that are, to put this bluntly, inferior.

    Because no matter how good it may feel to purchase that “holistic” pet food with “good ingredients”, the fact is that those companies, and those foods, simply don’t compare. Many of them are mass-produced in huge factories that make hundreds of other brands, for example.

    Veterinarians recommend Royal Canin because it’s a well-formulated food with traceable sourcing that works.

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    Human Diet Trends & Pet Food

    Royal Canin has said many times that they refuse to give in to human diet trends to sell food.

    Human diet trends are part of toxic diet culture; it’s part woo-woo, part marketing, and 100% predatory.

    Here are some examples of human diet trends:

    • Fasting and calorie restriction
    • Gluten, grain, dairy, soy, nut, sugar, wheat free foods promoted the ‘healthier’ choice
    • Keto, Paleo, Primal, Whole 30, etc.
    • Social media fitness & diet influencers

    Pet diets often mirror current trends in human food culture.

    The Keto diet, which has gained popularity in recent years, raised concerns among researchers and doctors due to its potential dangers.

    Despite this, pet food brands capitalized on the trend, introducing dog foods aiming to induce a state of Ketosis. Similarly, the grain-free trend in human diets influenced pet foods, and brands flooded the market with grain-free options.

    However, the reality is that these pet foods, while free of grains, often substitute them with legumes and potatoes, contributing to nutritional issues like heart disease in dogs.

    Social media is inundated with brands and influencers promoting supposedly healthier and more natural pet foods, yet many of these influencers don’t feed these products to their pets.

    It’s a marketing strategy more than a genuine commitment to pet health.

    In this landscape, Royal Canin takes a firm stand against such trends. The brand prioritizes science and published research over fleeting consumer trends.

    Author’s Note: It’s important to note that this stance does not apply to those with medical conditions or allergies treated with specific diets under the supervision of qualified nutritionists or doctors.

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    Do Veterinarians Receive Kickbacks for Promoting Royal Canin?

    The notion of veterinarians receiving kickbacks for promoting specific pet food brands, such as Royal Canin, is a pervasive and damaging myth.

    Veterinarians play a crucial role in promoting pet health and often recommend therapeutic pet food diets tailored to address specific medical conditions. Royal Canin, a well-established brand in the veterinary field, offers a range of therapeutic diets formulated to support various health needs in pets.

    If a veterinarian recommends or prescribes Royal Canin foods, there is a reason! For example, Royal Canin makes diets that are safe and helpful for a range of conditions where proper nutrition is of key importance.

    Some examples of therapeutic diets a veterinarian might recommend include:

    • Weight loss
    • Hydrolyzed protein (for dogs with severe allergies)
    • Liver, kidney, or Urinary care
    • Gastrointestinal
    • Vegetarian

    Veterinarians base their suggestions on scientific research, nutritional expertise, and the specific dietary requirements of individual pets. The major companies that formulate therapeutic diets (Purina, Hill’s, and Royal Canin) have a team of board-certified Veterinary Nutritionists on staff who are available for veterinarians to call on if advice is needed before making a recommendation.

    No other food brands offer this incredible access to experts with nearly 15 years of upper-level education in the field of animal biology and nutrition.

    Many uneducated consumers may be incorrectly led to believe that these specialty diets are purely marketing; however, this assumption fails to acknowledge the role of nutrition in treating specific diseases, and the amount of research that has gone into each formula.

    The notion of kickbacks in the veterinary profession is not only unfounded but also damaging to the trust between pet owners and veterinarians. Veterinarians adhere to ethical standards that prioritize the health of their patients above all else. Accusations of kickbacks undermine the integrity of the veterinary profession and can erode the confidence that pet owners place in their veterinarians’ recommendations.

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    Why Do Veterinarians Recommend Royal Canin Instead of Fresh Diets?

    While fresh diets have gained popularity among some pet owners, veterinarians often advocate for commercially formulated diets.

    This may confuse individuals who hold the mistaken belief that dry pet foods are excessively processed or harmful and that opting for fresh or raw foods is a panacea for all health issues.

    Commercially available pet foods, including those from reputable brands like Royal Canin, undergo rigorous testing and quality control measures to ensure nutritional balance and safety. These formulations are meticulously crafted to meet the specific dietary needs of different life stages, breeds, and health conditions. The consistency and reliability of these commercial diets provide a level of assurance that can be challenging to replicate with homemade or fresh diets.

    Moreover, formulating a nutritionally complete and balanced diet for pets requires a deep understanding of their specific nutritional requirements. Veterinarians can confidently recommend commercial diets that have undergone thorough research and testing. These diets often include essential nutrients in precise proportions, contributing to optimal pet health.

    Another crucial consideration is the potential for nutritional imbalances and deficiencies in homemade or fresh diets. Crafting a nutritionally sound diet for pets involves careful attention to ingredient selection, nutrient content, and preparation methods. Without proper knowledge and guidance, pet owners may inadvertently expose their pets to nutritional inadequacies that could impact their health over time.

    To put this simply, veterinarians know that a well-formulated dry diet (for example, Royal Canin) is everything an animal needs. These diets are safe and reliable, too.

    If you’ve heard anything else, check your source. Are they trying to promote an agenda and/or sell you on a different product?

  • Great Dane with Red Paws: Causes & Treatment

    Great Dane with Red Paws: Causes & Treatment

    If you’ve noticed your Great Dane’s paws suddenly sporting a concerning shade of red and appearing inflamed, it’s completely understandable that you may be concerned! A Great Dane with red paws requires treatment ASAP.

    Below we’re including some information to help you sort out your pup’s irritated paws, including:

    • Causes of red paws on dogs
    • How serious or concerning inflamed, swollen, and red paws might be
    • Tips for preventing paw irritation and redness
    • Home remedies for treating red paws
    • Veterinary information and evidence for treatment and prevention
    Great Dane with red paws

    Great Dane with Red Paws Causes

    Because there are many reasons why your Great Dane may have red, irritated paws you must sort out the root cause before applying any treatments. While people online have good intentions, they may lead you down a path of frustration with their recommendations on treating this at home.

    Step one is to address the cause, and yes, that may mean a veterinary visit! We recommend documenting all possible factors so that when you see your vet you can bring them as much information as you can.

    Here are common causes of red paws on dogs:

    Food or Environmental Allergies

    Great Danes, like other breeds, can develop allergies to various environmental factors, such as pollen, grass, detergents, or certain foods. Allergic reactions may manifest as redness, swelling, and irritation on the paws.

    Do not jump immediately to “chicken allergy”. It’s much more likely to be environmental.

    Contact Dermatitis

    Exposure to irritants like harsh cleaning chemicals or certain surfaces can lead to contact dermatitis. If your Great Dane frequently walks on surfaces treated with chemicals, it may contribute to red paws.

    This is especially true for dogs that are walked in the winter where they may encounter chemicals and salts used to melt ice and provide traction! We recommend utilizing dog boots, like these Hipaw Waterproof dog boots, to prevent the paws from contacting snow and ice salts.

    A paw wax such as Musher’s Secret can also help protect paws against snow, ice, and chemicals on the ground!

    Bacterial and Fungal Infections of the Paws

    Bacterial or fungal infections can cause redness, swelling, and discomfort. It’s essential to examine the paws for any signs of infection, such as unusual odors, pus-filled bumps, or discharge.

    Grass seeds and fox tails are common reasons for irritation and swelling in the paws! These seeds get in between the toes and burrow into the skin. It’s very likely that they are deep and must be removed by a veterinarian.

    Bacterial and fungal infections (including yeast) can be caused by several factors (including mites, yikes!) and require veterinary treatment.

    Do not attempt to treat this at home with “natural home remedies” as in avoiding your veterinarian, you may only prolong the process of healing.

    Dry or Cracked Toe Pads

    The pads of a Great Dane’s paws can become dry and cracked, especially in extreme weather conditions and in dry climates. This can lead to redness and discomfort. Providing proper paw care, including moisturizing, is crucial.

    Musher’s Secret is a fantastic product that will build up over time and continue to protect the paws from snow, ice, chemicals, and allergens.

    You might also consider the Natural Dog Company Paw Soother, which is very helpful for minor irritations and dryness!

    Red Paws and Mites on Dogs

    Mites are a common and often overlooked cause of irritation, redness, and hair loss on dogs and their paws!

    They are preventable with veterinary flea & tick prevention, such as Bravecto. Talk to your veterinarian! Internet claims about these products being unsafe are unfounded.

    Choosing a veterinary flea, parasite, and tick preventative is a key step towards itch-free skin and robust health in dogs.

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    How To Treat Red Paws on Dogs

    In many cases, the treatment is determined by the cause.

    Step One: Consult a Veterinarian. A professional diagnosis will help determine the underlying cause and the most suitable course of action.

    Your veterinarian can do testing such as biopsies and skin scrapes which can prove without a doubt what is causing your pup’s discomfort. This step is especially important if your pup’s red paws are oozing, swollen, or smell.

    Allergen Management: Identify and manage potential allergens in your Great Dane’s environment. This may involve changes in diet, avoiding specific outdoor areas, or using hypoallergenic grooming products.

    When considering food allergies as a potential cause, talk to your veterinarian about a food elimination trial using hydrolyzed protein. This is the gold standard in food allergy testing! Blood, saliva, and serum allergy tests are inaccurate and will be a waste of money and time.

    Paw Hygiene: Regularly clean your Great Dane’s paws to remove any potential irritants. Use a mild, pet-friendly cleanser and ensure thorough drying after walks or outdoor activities.

    We love the Mud Buster for cleaning paws of mud and allergens after playing outside!

    In some cases, a nightly soak in a veterinary chlorhexidine wash or Epsom salt is recommended. Talk to your veterinarian.

    Prevent Parasites: Use veterinary flea and tick medications to prevent mites that can irritate your Great Danes’ paws and skin. Tread cautiously with online misinformation about these products being “toxic”!

    Mites are disgusting and wreak havoc on your dog’s health. Veterinary flea and tick medications, however, are safe and effective. Your pet will thank you for it!

    Moisturize the paws with a veterinarian-recommended paw balm or moisturizer, such as Musher’s Secret. This helps maintain paw health and reduces the risk of irritation. While this won’t necessarily treat an active infection, it can help soothe the skin and prevent future occurrence.

    Medications: In cases of infections, your veterinarian may prescribe medications such as mite prevention, antibiotics, or antifungals. Follow the prescribed treatment plan diligently for the best results.

    Support your dog’s healthy immune system with a WSAVA-compliant diet, while they undergo treatment.

    Prevent Licking: Do not allow your dog to lick their red paws for any reason! Use a crew sock secured properly (not too tight) with a stretchy ACE-type bandage, and supervise your dog. Think of it this way: every time your dog licks their inflamed paw, you have to start all over again with treatment. Do not allow any licking.

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    Is There a Home Remedy for Treating Red Paws?

    Yes, of course!

    However, in many cases, home remedies may cause you to chase rainbows. If your pet has a serious underlying infection caused by bacteria, mites, or yeast home remedies may only make it harder for your pet to heal.

    There are times when a solid veterinary treatment is needed (including surgery to clean out the infection, as well as antibiotics, antifungals, and mite prevention). Do not let your pup suffer so you can avoid the veterinarian.

    However, home remedies can help prevent problems and provide soothing relief for dogs while you wait for more robust treatment (if needed). Here are a few home remedies for red paws:

    • Prevent licking with breathable boots and socks
    • Keep the paws clean by wiping or washing them after exposure to the outdoors
    • Use an Epsom salt soak to reduce irritation
    • Keep the nails short to prevent discomfort associated with joint pain that can make your dog chew and bite their feet
    • Feed a quality, WSAVA-compliant diet that is well-balanced and bioavailable for their nutritional health, so their body can focus on healing
    • Soothing treatments such as coconut oil may be helpful for some pets

    If your pet doesn’t improve within 24 hours, it’s time to ditch the home remedies and see your veterinarian!

    Leave a comment below! Has your pet had red, irritated paws?

  • How to Choose the Best WSAVA Approved Dog Food for Your Pet

    How to Choose the Best WSAVA Approved Dog Food for Your Pet

    Best WSAVA Approved Dog Food

    WSAVA is the World Small Animal Veterinary Association. It’s comprised of researchers and veterinarians from around the World, all focused on a common goal of improving animal health. Being the best WSAVA Approved Dog Food should signal a gold standard, however, there is a lot of confusion on this topic.

    WSAVA does not actually endorse, approve, or recommend any specific brand of dog food.

    Anybody who tells you otherwise is full of beans.

    However, WSAVA has published a helpful set of guidelines for pet owners to review when choosing foods. In following these guidelines, dog parents can be assured that they are choosing a quality diet that meets the highest standards of formulation, safety, and nutritional adequacy.

    Best WSAVA approved Dog food

    Understanding WSAVA Approved Dog Food

    In understanding that the WSAVA doesn’t actually approve, endorse, or recommend any specific brand of pet food, it’s essential to grasp the organization’s role in helping pet parents choose foods.

    The World Small Animal Veterinary Association sets forth common sense guidelines and standards for pet food manufacturers to follow. These things include:

    • Whether or not they employ a highly qualified nutritionist
    • Manufacturing practices, including whether the food is produced by a co-packer or made by the company selling it
    • Quality control, feeding trials and research, which indicate to pet owners that the brand is focused on nutritional health and consistency

    These standards encompass nutritional balance, research, manufacturing, and safety protocols, ensuring that the food is suitable for pets and meets their specific dietary needs. Read the WSAVA guidelines for pet foods HERE.

    Therefore, while the WSAVA itself does not pick favorites, its guidelines serve as a valuable reference point for pet owners to identify products that prioritize the health and well-being of their four-legged companions.

    What are the WSAVA Approved Dog Foods?

    As mentioned previously, no foods are actually approved or endorsed by WSAVA.

    However, if we look at the guidelines objectively, it is pretty well established in the scientific community that 5 dog food brands undeniably meet or even exceed every WSAVA recommendation.

    This means that these brands have highly qualified nutritionists on staff to formulate the diets, extensive quality control protocols, dedicated and thorough product testing in all stages of production, a database of feeding trails and published research, nutritional adaquecy statements, transparency, and owned facilities where the foods are manufactured.

    Many other brands may come close to this standard. Some meet most of them at the basic level, and only a few brands exceed them.

    Out of 1000’s of brands on the market, most actually fall short.

    These five WSAVA compliant pet food brands that both meet and then exceed every recommendation outlined by the WSAVA include:

    • Purina
    • Royal Canin
    • Hill’s Science Diet
    • Eukanuba
    • Iam’s

    Brands who claim to be WSAVA approved or WSAVA compliant

    Some brands will post pages on their website or social media indicating that they too “meet” or “comply with” WSAVA guidelines. This is quite problematic for two reasons:

    a. WSAVA recommendations for pet food are interpretive; it is up to the pet owner to interpret and verify a companies adherance, and determine how important they consider each recommendation.

    b. The companies creating pages like this are often doing so with the intent of being misleading.

    For example, many of them do not actually employ a single nutritionist. However, because at one time they hired a consultant firm to look over a recipe, they may claim that they “work with a team of nutrition specialists and veterinarians“.

    To most pet owners, that sounds great..and that’s exactly what dog food manufacturers want them to think.

    Here is what WSAVA says about qualified nutritionists:

    Is the recipe developed by an experienced pet food
    formulator (MS or PhD in Animal Nutrition), a veterinarian,
    or a pet owner/breeder/trainer?

    • Recipe development is a complex process requiring
      knowledge of nutrition, raw materials, and processing not
      taught in veterinary school programs.
    • Trained and experienced formulators may have a degree
      (MS/PhD) in food science and technology to help guide
      ingredient selection and nutrient levels for health or
      disease management.
    • An individual with Board Certification by ACVN or ECVCN
      may also be cross-trained in pet food formulation or work
      in collaboration with experienced pet food formulators to
      help guide ingredient selection and nutrient levels.

    While WSAVA doesn’t come out and blatantly say it, this recommendation speaks to the importance of choosing a food brand that has at least one qualified nutritionist on staff, who is in charge of formulating the diets.

    A qualified nutritionist would be:

    • M.S. or PhD in Animal Nutrition
    • Board Certified Veterinary Nutritionist
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    Does WSAVA Approve Pet Foods?

    WSAVA does not approve pet foods.

    There is no list of ‘WSAVA Certified’ brands, because that’s not the role WSAVA plays in this.

    It is up to you as the consumer to read the WSAVA recommendations and contact the company to see how they answer your questions.

    A great resource for this is the Pet Nutrition Alliance! They’ve put together a pet food manufacturers report with legitimate facts about almost every company possible.

    Search for your pet food brand here and see how they stack up against the brands that are known to meet and exceed WSAVA guidelinse.

    Who Funds WSAVA?

    Dog food companies that are committed to the welfare and health of pets often contribute to the World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA). These contributions come in the form of financial support, sponsorships, and partnerships to assist WSAVA in its mission to establish and maintain high standards for pet nutrition.

    It’s important to note that WSAVA does not endorse specific brands or products, and its guidelines are created independently of the pet food manufacturers who contribute. However, the involvement of dog food companies in supporting WSAVA reflects a shared dedication to advancing the overall well-being of pets by promoting responsible pet nutrition practices.

    The financial support provided by dog food companies to the World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) is not inherently a conflict of interest, provided that the relationship is transparent and ethical.

    It’s very important to note that ANY pet food manufacturer can contribute to science, research, and organizations like the WSAVA. Only a few do.

    The benefits of WSAVA Compliant Dog Food

    WSAVA compliant pet food offers a multitude of benefits for both pets and their owners. When you choose pet food that meets or exceeds WSAVA recommendations, you can be confident that you’re providing your pet with meal that meets the highest standards.

    This is super important, given how much intentionally misleading and dangerous, unchecked marketing goes into pet foods! It’s hard to sort out what’s actually good, from what’s being sold to us.

    The benefits of asking your pet food manufacturer to adhere to and exceed WSAVA guidelines include:

    1. Nutritional Excellence: this ensures that good pet food is formulated to meet the specific dietary needs of pets, providing balanced and complete nutrition. This means your pet is more likely to receive the essential nutrients necessary for their overall health, and that it’s been proven with comprehensive testing, research, and feeding trials.
    2. Safety Assurance: WSAVA compliant brands adhere to rigorous safety protocols, from ingredient sourcing to manufacturing processes. This can give pet owners peace of mind that the food they provide is safe for consumption.
    3. Health and Well-Being: Choosing WSAVA compliant food can contribute to your pet’s long-term health and well-being, helping to prevent diet-related health issues (such as nutritional DCM) and ensuring that your pet is thriving.
    4. Veterinarian Input: WSAVA’s guidelines are developed with the input of unbiased veterinary experts, so you can trust that the food is designed with your pet’s best interests in mind.

    Basically put, we know that WSAVA compliant pet food brands are the absolute best you can choose. Why settle for anything less?

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    Guidelines for Choosing WSAVA Approved Dog Food

    Determining whether a pet food meets WSAVA guidelines involves a careful review of several key factors. We recommend utilizing both a copy of the guidelines (HERE) and the Pet Nutrition Alliance Manufacturers report (HERE) to compare and contrast.

    1. Labeling: Start by examining the product’s label. WSAVA compliant pet food should clearly state that it meets AFFCO or FEDIEF nutritional guidelines, providing a complete and balanced diet suitable for your pet’s life stage and needs, and have nutritional information that is easy to find.
    2. Formulation: Does the company employ and utilize at least one highly qualified nutritionist? That’s a good sign that they are on the right track.
    3. Manufacturing Standards: Research the manufacturer and their practices. Is the food manufactured by a “partner facility” or “co-packer”, or does the company own and operate their own facilities? Do they have comprehensive testing and quality control protocols?
    4. Transparency: Reputable pet food companies often provide detailed information about their products, including the sources of ingredients and quality control measures. Transparency is a positive sign of compliance. If they make it difficult for you to obtain honest information about nutritional levels, manufacturing practices, or who formulates the food, run.
    5. Research: the best pet food companies will have ongoing dedication to science, research, and feeding trials.
    6. Consult with a Veterinarian: If in doubt, consult with a veterinarian. Veterinary professionals are well-versed in understanding WSAVA guidelines and can provide guidance on selecting compliant pet food.

    Remember that while WSAVA sets the standards, it doesn’t specifically endorse or approve brands or products. However, evaluating pet food based on these criteria can help you make informed choices that align with WSAVA’s commitment to pet health and nutrition.

    Want more information about how to choose the best food for your dog? Check out some of our popular articles below:

    Dog Food Marketing Gimmicks

    What is Ingredient Splitting

    Dr. Judy Morgan & Predatory Influencer Marketing

    Our list of WSAVA compliant dog food brands for Great Danes

    Here is our list of formulas that are both nutritionally correct for Great Danes, but also that exceed WSAVA guidelines:

    Check out THE GIANT DOG FOOD PROJECT to compare brands and values.

  • Great Dane Puppy Care 101

    Great Dane Puppy Care 101

    Welcoming a Great Dane puppy into your life is an exciting and heartwarming experience!

    These gentle giants are known for their immense size, affectionate nature, and unwavering loyalty. However, as with any new addition to your family, caring for a Great Dane puppy requires knowledge, patience, and dedication. In this comprehensive guide, “Great Dane Puppy Care 101,” we’ll walk you through everything you need to know to ensure your Great Dane puppy grows into a happy, healthy, and well-adjusted adult.

    From nutrition and socialization to training tips and healthcare essentials, this article will equip you with the knowledge and tools to provide the best possible start in life for your furry companion. So, let’s embark on this incredible journey of puppy parenthood together and make sure your Great Dane puppy thrives every step of the way.

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    Great Dane Puppy Care 101

    Taking care of a Great Dane puppy involves five key elements for their well-being and happiness.

    • Nutrition
    • Socialization
    • Training
    • Exercise
    • Veterinary Care

    Providing a balanced and high-quality diet tailored to their specific needs is crucial to support their rapid growth. Equally important is socialization, as early exposure to different people, animals, and environments helps them develop into well-adjusted and confident adults. Adequate exercise is another vital component, as Great Danes are active dogs that require daily physical activity to maintain their health and prevent boredom-related issues.

    Training plays a pivotal role in shaping their behavior and obedience. Consistent and positive reinforcement-based training methods help ensure that your Great Dane puppy grows into a well-behaved and respectful companion. Lastly, regular veterinary care is imperative for their overall health. Routine check-ups, vaccinations, and preventive measures are essential to catch and address any health concerns early on, ensuring a long and happy life for your Great Dane puppy.

    Let’s dig into each of these topics below!

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    What to Feed a Great Dane Puppy

    Choosing the right puppy food for your Great Dane is a crucial decision that can significantly impact their health and development.

    When it comes to large or giant breed puppies like Great Danes, it’s important to focus on nutrition tailored to their specific needs. Look for puppy food formulas designed explicitly for large and giant breeds.

    Yes, I said puppy food! You may have heard from other puppy owners or even your breeder that you should feed your new Great Dane puppy adult food. This is an outdated practice and no longer considered the gold standard of care!

    A properly formulated large or giant breed puppy food will typically have controlled levels of calcium and phosphorus to support slow and steady bone growth, reducing the risk of skeletal issues that can be common in rapidly growing puppies.

    Additionally, ensure the food contains high-quality protein sources to aid in muscle development. Consult with your veterinarian to select a brand and formula that meets your Great Dane puppy’s unique dietary requirements.

    Our opinion mirrors that of board-certified veterinary nutritionists, who say that the following formulas are ideal for all Dane puppies under the age of two:

    Check out THE GIANT DOG FOOD PROJECT to compare brands and values.

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    How to Train a Great Dane Puppy

    Training a Great Dane puppy is a rewarding journey that requires patience, consistency, and positive reinforcement. It’s also really, really important! The last thing you want is a giant breed dog taking YOU for a walk.

    Begin with basic obedience commands like “sit,” “stay,” and “come” in a controlled, distraction-free environment. Use treats and praise as rewards to reinforce desired behaviors. Practice these behaviors several times a day, especially at first, in a variety of locations. Puppies thrive on repetition!

    For leash training, start with short walks to get your puppy used to the leash and gradually increase the distance. Encourage loose leash walking by stopping and changing direction when they pull, rewarding them when they walk calmly by your side.

    Off-leash training can be challenging for large breeds like Great Danes, but it’s essential for their safety and well-being. Start in a secure, fenced area (or use a long leash, like this one) and practice recall commands like “come.”

    Gradually increase the distance and practice in different environments with varying levels of distractions. Never scold your puppy for failing to come to you, and always make coming to you a positive experience.

    Remember that Great Dane Puppies BITE! This is a normal, playful behavior that usually results from excitement. When your puppy gets too amped up, cross your arms, SIGH, and walk away. This teaches your puppy that you will disengage if they become rude with their teeth; they will learn (with repetition), to chill out.

    To take your training to the next level and ensure your Great Dane is a well-behaved canine citizen, consider pursuing the Canine Good Citizen (CGC) title. This program evaluates a dog’s obedience and temperament, including behaviors like sitting politely for petting and walking calmly on a leash. Earning a CGC title not only showcases your Great Dane’s training and good manners but also demonstrates your commitment to responsible dog ownership. Remember that consistency, positive reinforcement, and patience are the keys to successfully training your Great Dane puppy.

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    How Much Exercise Should a Great Dane Puppy Get?

    Exercising a Great Dane puppy requires a delicate balance due to their rapid growth and susceptibility to bone and joint issues.

    While they are a large breed known for their energy, it’s crucial to avoid excessive forced exercise during their puppyhood. Examples of something to avoid include long leashed walks on hard pavement, or super long hikes that result in pure exhaustion.

    Generally, Great Dane puppies should have short, controlled play sessions and moderate walks. Most of their movement should actually come from free play on soft, varied terrain!

    A rule of thumb is 5 minutes of exercise per month of age, up to a maximum of 20-30 minutes for young puppies (for leashed walks and hikes). Focus instead on low-impact activities to protect their developing joints, like interactive play and exploration of various textures (which doubles as socialization).

    Swimming is an excellent option as it provides exercise without putting stress on their limbs. Consulting with a veterinarian or canine specialist can help you tailor an appropriate exercise regimen for your Great Dane puppy based on their individual needs and growth rate. Remember, the goal is to ensure their physical development is gradual and healthy.

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    Veterinary Care for Great Dane Puppies

    Veterinary care for Great Dane puppies is a critical component of their overall well-being. We believe in and trust science and veterinarians!

    These large breed puppies are more susceptible to certain health issues, making regular check-ups and vaccinations crucial. Start with a comprehensive wellness exam shortly after bringing your Great Dane puppy home, and follow a recommended vaccination schedule to protect them from diseases like parvovirus and distemper.

    Given their size, it’s important to monitor their growth and development, ensuring they’re growing at an appropriate rate to avoid skeletal issues. Great Dane puppies should be grown slowly!

    Regular check-ups also allow the vet to address any concerns early on. Discuss a proper nutrition plan with your veterinarian to support your puppy’s unique dietary needs during their rapid growth phase. Additionally, consider discussing preventive measures such as flea and tick control and heartworm prevention.

    Veterinary care is not only about treating illness but also about proactive health management to ensure a long, healthy, and happy life for your Great Dane puppy.

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    Great Dane Puppies are Easy to Care For

    Caring for Great Dane puppies is both a rewarding and responsible undertaking.

    These gentle giants require specialized attention to ensure their health, happiness, and well-being. From choosing the right nutrition and providing early socialization to maintaining a balanced exercise routine, proper training, and regular veterinary care, each aspect of their care is essential in fostering a thriving companion.

    Great Dane puppies may be large, but they’re also known for their boundless love and loyalty, making the effort to raise them well truly worthwhile. By dedicating time and effort to their upbringing, you not only nurture a strong bond but also help them grow into the well-behaved and content adults that this remarkable breed is known to be. Enjoy your puppy and have fun!

  • DCM in Great Danes: What you need to know

    DCM in Great Danes: What you need to know

    If you are the owner of a Great Dane, then you need to be aware of DCM in Great Danes. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common and serious heart condition that affects this breed. It often results in sudden death. If your dog has a recent diagnosis of DCM, this post is for you!

    In this blog post, we will discuss what DCM is (including primary and secondary DCM), the symptoms to watch for, and information about how heart problems are treated in dogs. I’m also going to deep dive into OFA heart health testing protocols AND the controversial grain-free foods and nutritional DCM debate.

    We will also provide information on how you can help keep your Great Dane healthy and prevent DCM from developing!

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    What is DCM in Great Danes?

    DCM, aka Dilated Cardiomyopathy, is a heart condition that is characterized by an enlarged heart. This enlargement makes it difficult for the heart to pump blood effectively, and as a result, the dog’s body does not get enough oxygen. As you can imagine, this is a dangerous and often devastating condition for any Great Dane.

    Sudden cardiac death is a common and devastating complication of DCM.

    There are two types of DCM in dogs: primary and secondary.

    Primary DCM is thought to be genetic. Only a small handful of breeds are prone to genetic DCM, and Great Danes are one of them.

    Secondary DCM is caused by unbalanced nutrition, or may also be the result of an infection or other underlying health condition.

    We will dig further into both forms of dilated cardiomyopathy DCM in dogs, as well as prevention and treatment protocols below!

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    What are the symptoms of DCM in dogs?

    The unfortunate reality is that many dogs who have DCM, especially secondary DCM (more below) present with little to no symptoms at all until it’s too late.

    Sudden death is a common complication associated with this disease, and will often take the lives of young dogs who appear otherwise healthy. Sudden congestive heart failure is devastating.

    In dogs that do present with symptoms associated with DCM, exercise intolerance is often one of the first signs.

    Many people mistake this lowered energy with aging or laziness.

    Exercise intolerance means that your dog will tire easily during activities that he used to be able to do with ease.

    You may also notice that your dog coughs, has difficulty breathing, or has a lower tolerance for heat.

    Other DCM symptoms include:

    • Loss of appetite, including anorexia
    • Weight Loss
    • Abdominal Swelling
    • Weakness & exhaustion
    • Poor circulation and capillary refill, including pale gums
    • Blue tongue
    • Pulse deficits
    • Lethargy
    • Fainting or collapsing

    These signs can be easy to overlook because they are often gradual and not specific to heart disease.

    However, if you notice any of these changes in your dog it’s important to contact your veterinarian right away.

    A basic ‘vet check’ or wellness check does NOT rule out serious heart conditions; echocardiograms are one of the only ways to verify changes to the cardiac muscle that point to canine cardiomyopathy.

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    How long can a Great Dane live with DCM?

    Because Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy symptoms are often overlooked, many affected dogs may be receiving treatment too late.

    It’s important to remember that there is no cure for primary (genetic) DCM and it is a progressive disease. This means that even with treatment, the condition may continue to worsen over time.

    Dogs with genetic DCM have a guarded prognosis and often do not live more than a year or two after diagnosis, even with treatment.

    Secondary DCM, however, is often treatable and may even be reversible if the underlying cause can be identified and corrected.

    For example, if your dog has secondary DCM caused by an infection, successfully treating the infection and the underlying cause of it will often improve heart function.

    Or if you are feeding a boutique food diet, home cooked diet, or a diet with a lot of pulse ingredients or potatoes, and your dog is diagnosed with secondary nutritional DCM, switching to a different food from a heavily researched brand (such as Purina or Royal Canin) has been shown time and time again to help or even reverse the disease.

    Read HERE for information about how peas, potatoes, lentils, and legumes have been linked yet again to heart disease in dogs.

    It’s important to work closely with your veterinarian and your veterinary cardiologist to create the best treatment plan, based on the underlying reasons for it.

    There is no one-size-fits-all approach to treating canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy, and depending on the cause and severity, the course of treatment will often need to be adjusted as the disease progresses.

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    What dogs are prone to DCM?

    Some dogs are more prone to this condition than others, however, all dogs are at risk (especially when it comes to secondary nutritional DCM).

    Dog breeds that are especially prone to canine dilated cardiomyopathy include:

    • Great Danes
    • Boxers
    • Newfoundlands
    • Doberman Pinschers
    • Cocker Spaniels
    • Irish Wolfhounds

    Of these breeds, Great Danes have some of the highest rate of DCM.

    Because Great Danes already have a major genetic component to consider, it’s even more important to be educated about the role that nutrition might play in dramatically increasing our dog’s risk of developing this disease.

    Does Grain-Free Food Cause DCM in Dogs?

    What are the Best Foods to Feed a Great Dane?

    How do I Keep my Great Dane Healthy?

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    Diagnosing Dilated Cardiomyopathy DCM

    As before, many affected dogs are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms that are easily mistaken for other more mild health issues.

    Exercise intolerance, or an abnormal heart rhythm or breathing pattern will often be among the first (easily missed) clinical signs that a dog is in the early stages of dilated cardiomyopathy.

    Affected individuals may also tire easily during exercise, may have a blue tongue (a possible sign of low oxygen supply resulting from poor heart function), or may cough after physical activity.

    As the heart disease progresses, dogs may experience an increased heart rate, irregular heart rhythm, fluid retention (often manifested as weight gain with no change in diet), weight loss, and fainting episodes.

    In its final stages, DCM can cause congestive heart failure, which leads to sudden death.

    An ultrasound examination of the heart contractions, heart muscle, and blood flowing through the heart can provide a veterinary cardiologist with important clues about the heart disease your dog is facing.

    Should I Feed Puppy or Adult Food?

    The Ultimate Great Dane Feeding Chart

    Everything You Need to Know about Great Dane Puppies →

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    Primary Dilated Cardiomyopathy (Genetic)

    Severe congestive heart failure is an early killer of young dogs who have a genetic predisposition to DCM. Great Danes are PRONE to genetic DCM. This means that they receive their bad hearts from their parents.

    Like bloat, dilated cardiomyopathy heart disease is directly related to the shorter overall life expectancy of Great Danes.

    Every dog that dies suddenly from this devastating disease lowers the average as a whole.

    OFA Cardiac Health Testing

    OFA (the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals) cardiac health testing is important for all dogs, but it’s especially important for breeds, such as Danes and Doberman Pinschers that are extremely prone to primary DCM.

    Ethical breeders will have an echocardiogram performed on each parent dog prior to breeding. This necessary health test can rule out changes to the heart muscle that indicate a possible genetic predisposition to the disease.

    They will also do a thorough pedigree analysis to look for genetic factors related to family history.

    If a pedigree analysis suggested that the puppies may be predisposed to inheriting canine idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, ethical breeders will not breed those dogs.

    All of this should be done prior to breeding. Unfortunately, many ‘friendly’ breeders with cute, clean, healthy-looking puppies skip this step. By the time you fall in love with those adorable puppy feet and eyes, it’s too late.

    The genetics have been passed on and your puppy may be one of the not-so-lucky ones.

    It is important that we hold Great Dane breeders to a high standard. Make it socially unacceptable to breed dogs without full health testing. Do not buy dogs from breeders who are not proving their dogs and fully-health testing the parents before breeding.

    Verify that echocardiograms were done by your breeder by searching the OFA database. Your breeder should have the parent listed, as well as the tests that were performed in addition to information about the results.

    www.ofa.org

    If your breeder has skipped this test or not registered it with the OFA, you’ve found a backyard breeder.

    20

    Responsible Dog Breeding

    Because Great Danes are a breed prone to a number of devastating health issues, including dilated cardiomyopathy, it’s even more important to be sure that you are working with a responsible breeder.

    A responsible breeder will:

    Thoroughly health test all breeding stock: heart, hips, eyes, and thyroid results should be available for you to view at www.ofa.org

    Have detailed knowledge of the Great Dane breed and how their dogs are excellent examples of the Great Dane breed standard.

    Be able to answer any questions you have about Great Danes and Great Dane puppies.

    Be invested in the health and well-being of the puppies, and are willing to support them for life.

    Choosing responsible breeders means that we are choosing to improve the health of the Great Dane breed as a whole.

    When we buy our puppies from breeders who cut corners, we are not only risking the health of our own dogs, but we are also perpetuating the cycle of poor breeding practices that produce sickly dogs and the seemingly endless stream of dogs filling up our rescues.

    20

    Secondary Dilated Cardiomyopathy (Nutritional)

    Nutritional canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy is also a preventable disease. This one is controversial, however, it’s important to discuss.

    Clinical findings in multiple studies show that improperly formulated foods, especially those that have a lot of peas, legumes, and potatoes are a suspicious culprit when it comes to N-DCM. While studies are ongoing, new evidence is being collected.

    300-400 new boutique dog foods hit the market every year in the U.S. It stands to reason that not all of them are created equal.

    Researchers, including board-certified veterinary cardiologists, are currently investigating a link between diets that have a lot of peas, potato, lentils, and legumes and DCM. They are collecting data and encouraging pet owners and veterinarians to report cases of DCM in dogs that are eating suspect diets.

    The most recent study from December 2022 showed yet another correlation between peas/potato/legumes and changes to the heart muscle.

    Suspect diets include:

    Boutique foods of all kinds (including those with or without grain) that do not have qualified staff formulating the diets they sell

    Foods that contain a lot of pulse ingredients or potatoes, including peas, lentils, chickpeas, and beans

    Foods that utilize a lot of ingredient splitting to push lentils, peas, or potatoes further down on the ingredients list (including multiple forms of one ingredient such as: whole lentils, green lentils, red lentils, lentil fiber or whole peas, pea flour, pea fiber, yellow peas for example)

    Most grain-free foods, which often contain a lot of pulse ingredients as above

    Home-cooked or raw diets that are not correctly balanced

    Many young giant breed dogs who appear otherwise healthy, have excellent veterinary wellness checks, and show no outward clinical signs will suddenly pass away while playing or in their sleep.

    Because these instances are sudden and extremely emotional for dog owners, post-mortem testing by a board-certified Veterinary Pathologist is rarely completed.

    It is believed that nutritional DCM is presenting at rates much higher than currently documented. Just look around any DCM topic in the Great Dane community; so many people have experienced this issue with their dog.

    It is important to note that many dogs are symptom free until they die suddenly. Many others however, DO have symptoms. Every case is different.

    DCM UPDATE – December 2022
    Dr. Judy Morgan, DCM, and the FDA Statements (a MUST READ if you want to learn how to spot pseudoscience!)

    3

    Dog Foods and DCM in Dogs

    Many dog food brands fail to meet certain ethical criteria for the production of dog foods.

    • They rarely if ever employ full-time, on-staff, board-certified Veterinary Nutritionists. This means that the food is often put together by people who have little to no appropriate credentials to do so.
    • Feeding trials and ongoing testing of the formula used are minimal, if used at all. Boutique foods aren’t subjected to the same research and controls; they only meet nutritional minimums on paper.
    • Boutique foods often use 3rd party co-packing facilities. This means that they have less oversight of quality control, consistency, and production.
    • Ingredient splitting is a common practice of boutique food companies. This sneaky trick makes the ingredients list look ‘healthy’ and meat-focused when the bag is full of nothing more than meat-flavored peas. Read more about this HERE.
    • Unregulated, emotional marketing terms and wild claims are used. These terms are used to intentionally mislead pet parents so they will spend more money to feel good about what they feed their pets.

    “Holistic”, “human-grade”, and “super-premium” are just some that you may have heard.

    • They rarely, if ever, participate in legitimate AAFCO feeding trials, nor do they contribute to or benefit from the global veterinary science and research communities. This means that YOUR dog is the guinea pig.

    You can compare over 600 brands head to head based on this value and others at The Giant Dog Food Project.

    https://www.facebook.com/timberlandvet/posts/447032694095912
    6 4

    How to choose a dog food that doesn’t cause DCM

    The best way to reduce your dog’s risk of nutritional DCM is to feed a high-quality diet from a heavily researched brand with a qualified nutritionist on staff.

    Not all dogs fed an unbalanced, boutique, or ‘grain-free’ diet will get DCM! It is being theorized that there are specific mechanisms at play for some dogs and not others.

    The problem is, you won’t know if your dog is one of the ‘at risk’ ones until it’s too late.

    A good diet will provide your dog with all the nutrients they need to stay healthy. Marketing may have taught you that “these “big” brands are full of ‘fillers’ and junk, but that’s simply not true.

    Look for brands that are highly researched and that invest millions of dollars every year into veterinary internal medicine organizations and learning more through science.

    The contributions that the ‘Big 5’ food brands (Purina, Royal Canin, Hill’s, Eukanuba, Iams) have made to veterinary research have helped us learn more about not only heart issues but bloat, cancer, wobblers, lifespan, and more. These brands are literally writing the book on companion animal health. Read PURINA research updates from the Great Dane Club of America HERE.

    Good food brands will do comprehensive feeding trials so that they can continuously improve their products, and they employ entire teams of dedicated professionals with advanced degrees in veterinary science, food science, quality control, and veterinary nutrition.

    16 1

    Ingredients in Pet Food

    The ingredients that food brands use are there for nutritional reasons, including scary-sounding things such as ‘By-Product Meal’ and ‘corn’.

    There is no such thing as ‘fillers’. Even dangerous ingredients such as peas and lentils (used in large amounts) are not ‘fillers’, as they do provide fiber and nutrients.

    A legitimate filler would be something like styrofoam, with no nutritional value, that would also result in nutritional deficiencies. The word “fillers” is a marketing term, meant to scare you, but has no legal definition.

    So let’s talk about scary ingredients in dog food.

    Both by-products and corn are extremely nutrient-dense.

    We cannot say the same about ‘fresh farm-raised deboned chicken’, which is literally 70% water.

    If you’ve ever given a dog a whole dead chicken, know this: they will eat the WHOLE THING. Eyes, bones, feet, beak, stomach, stomach contents (including grains and yes, corn), liver, and more. The most nutritious part for them is not the watery muscle meat. It’s the ‘guts, bones, and junk’.

    By-Products and meat meals are nothing more than the parts of the animal that many humans are often uninterested in eating, that dogs desperately need in their diets!

    By-products are not actually waste. They are a secondary product that results from the production of other products.

    For example, Cream of Tartar is a by-product of wine making. If you have ever eat Snickerdoodles, which get their flavor from cream of tartar, you’re eating a “by-product”.

    Using by-products from the meat industry is better for the environment, too. Why waste food and nutrition if we don’t have to?

    If you give your dog a bully stick to chew on, you are giving your dog a by-product.

    Boutique companies tend to choose ingredients such as “ancient grains” or “fresh deboned turkey” that look and feel pretty to you (so we buy the food), but not necessarily the ingredients that have been scientifically proven to make your dog look and feel its best.

    Don’t believe us? Read our article about ingredient splitting in dog food. This dirty trick is what gives boutique food companies leverage to make you believe their formulas have ‘meat first’.

    When it comes to your dog’s health, don’t be fooled by unregulated marketing terms, pretty packaging, “nice” sounding ingredients, or higher price points.

    Common small food brands include Victor, Fromm, 4Health, Diamond (also Costco), Instinct, Earthborn Holistic, Acana, Orijen, Solid Gold, Farmina, Nulo, Nutro, and Nutrisource.

    None of these brands have a veterinary nutritionist on their side or on their staff.

    • Fromm foods are formulated by a chemical engineer
    • Victor foods are formulated by a guy with an M.S. in science and an online certificate in nutrition – better, but still not great
    • Diamond/Costco/Taste of the Wild/Nutra-Nuggets/Solid Gold are formulated by an unknown person, and checked by an off-site consultant who has an M.S. in Animal Nutrition (underqualified)

    What is Ingredient Splitting in Dog Food?

    How do I choose the Best Food for my Great Dane Puppy?

    What is Hip Dysplasia?

    14 1

    Can nutritional DCM be reversed?

    When caught early, nutritional dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs can be managed and is often reversed through an immediate diet change and certain cardiac medications if warranted. This has been proven time and time again.

    Many dogs have shown almost complete recoveries from DCM when their owners switched them away from grain-free and boutique dog foods (aka “BEG” diets).

    This means that dogs with heart disease should be choosing a brand that is formulated, tested, and researched by on-staff board-certified veterinary nutritionists, and that meets the highest standards for formulation, ethics, and manufacturing practices outlined by the World Small Veterinary Association’s common-sense guidelines for choosing pet foods.

    9 1

    Matilda’s Story

    There was a time, long before I wrote this blog post when I was a die-hard boutique dog foods snob.

    Over the course of 5 years, I tried Fromm, Nutrisource, Nutro, Farmina, Earthborn, Nature’s Logic, and Nutro.

    Those brands told me that my dog would be healthier on their diet, and yet, we switched often trying to find the ‘right food’ because they were not actually healthier! I read ingredients lists until I was blue in the face.

    In that time, between my three dogs (two are Danes) I saw:

    • Low energy
    • Dull coat
    • Itching
    • Chronic ear and paw infections
    • A massive lung infection that resulted in a $3500 vet bill
    • Allergies & paw swelling
    • Pink skin
    • Malnutrition and lack of muscle tone
    • Chronic loose stools and ‘sensitivities’
    • Acid reflux
    • Bed wedding
    • Screaming during sleep and becoming unresponsive
    • Low heat tolerance
    • Blue tongue indicating a lack of properly oxygenated blood

    My female Dane Matilda was taking the brunt of the worst of them: reflux, bed wedding, low energy, and strange breathing patterns.

    She began screaming in her sleep and would often be unresponsive to waking when I would jump out of bed to see what was wrong.

    My veterinarian did a blood test, prescribed supplements and medications, talked about referring us to specialists, and also implored me to immediately put her on one of the “evil Big 5 Brands: Purina, Royal Canin, Eukanuba, Hill’s, Iam’s”.

    She also told us to follow up and retest once our dog had been put on more appropriate food.

    I had no interest in feeding my dog Hill’s or Purina and was appalled that she would suggest it. My dog was sick, why would I feed her garbage!?

    So, I marched myself into a natural boutique pet food store and asked a sales rep for nutrition advice.

    Think about this for a moment.

    I had a very sick dog and went first to a sales rep on an hourly salary for nutrition advice. Somebody that, for some reason, I trusted more than my veterinarian.

    Marketing taught me to trust the opinion of a sales-driven employee with no legitimate credentials, in a sales-driven store, over the opinion of somebody with 8+ years of high-level education followed by years of practice in actual veterinary medicine.

    This is terrifying and I want people to be aware of the misguided bias and opinions that boutique food companies have used marketing to lead us to!

    I consider myself a well-researched, educated, intelligent dog owner. All of us are susceptible to marketing.

    Low energy is often misdiagnosed as ‘aging’ or ‘laziness’. That’s heartbreaking.

    How is DCM Treated in Dogs?

    The treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy depends on the presentation, symptoms, and severity of the disease.

    In addition to recommendations to choose a diet that was formulated by a board-certified veterinary nutritionist and subjected to rigorous research and testing, a cardiologist will often also prescribe medications and supplements that can help with missing nutrients, blood flow, chamber dilation, vascular dilation, and blood pressure.

    Veterinary Cardiology is a specialized field comprised of individuals who first completed their veterinary schooling and went on to specialize and become board-certified.

    Many of them are investing a lot of research, resources, and science into the study of nutritional and primary dilated cardiomyopathy DCM.

    Their contribution to veterinary medicine, and the opinions that they have about the progression of this disease and its causes are valuable and important. You can find information about peer-reviewed research from them below.

    https://vetnutrition.tufts.edu/2018/11/dcm-update/

    Share Your Story

    Did you have a dog die suddenly from unknown causes or from a confirmed case of nutritional dilated cardiomyopathy?

    If you have lost a dog suddenly and are struggling to understand why, I am so sorry for your loss. Please share your story below, we want to hear it! Others need to hear it, too. Please use our platform for this.

    If you are worried that your dog may be developing clinical signs of illness that may point to dilated cardiomyopathy DCM, seek veterinary care and a thorough physical examination immediately.

    We also recommend that if you have been feeding a suspect BEG or boutique foods diet (with or without grains and with or without taurine supplementation) that you seek an echocardiogram as a means to catch any changes to the heart muscle at an early stage.

    This is recommended even if you are not seeing any other clinical signs of impending congestive heart failure. Early diagnosis of changes to the heart muscle is key.

    Resources:

    Dilated Cardiomyopathy on Facebook (join this group to see ongoing reports in real-time and read personal stories of veterinary confirmed nutritional DCM cases)

    All Trades DVM DCM Timeline (a common sense look at all of the reports, research, and FDA statements surrounding nutritional DCM)

    How to Choose a Pet Food – Tufts University (information from veterinary nutritionists with no financial motivations, affiliate links, sales, or ads)

    Great Dane Club of America Health Research (Purina Update articles about Great Danes with research on bloat, HOD, wobblers, nutrition, and more)

    Health And Research
    https://vetnutrition.tufts.edu/2021/09/diet-associated-dcm-research-update/
    https://vetnutrition.tufts.edu/2016/12/questions-you-should-be-asking-about-your-pets-food/
    https://www.medvetforpets.com/beg-diets-and-dcm-in-dogs-recommendations-regarding-diagnosis-and-management/
  • What are WSAVA Guidelines, and Why do they Matter?

    What are WSAVA Guidelines, and Why do they Matter?

    What is WSAVA, and what are WSAVA Guidelines? Why should I consider WSAVA recommendations and guidelines when choosing pet food? What are the WSAVA approved brands?

    This is a topic we recieve a lot of questions on, so I’m going to clear it up in one post! Before we begin, I want to make one thing very, very clear.

    WSAVA does not ‘approve’, ‘endorse’, or ‘recommend’ any brand of dog food. Any perception that they do is incorrect and likely misguided by other sources.

    What WSAVA does do, however, is provide pet owners with some easy to follow recommendations for choosing dog food.

    First, a little history:

    The World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) is a non-profit global veterinary association that was founded in 1994. It’s similar to the ADA as it related to toothpaste, for example.

    The mission of the WSAVA is to improve the health and welfare of small animals throughout the world.

    Today, the WSAVA has grown to include more than 200 member organizations in over 80 countries. Their collective efforts involve creating guidelines and recommendations that provide information, consistency, and standards between organizations and different countries.

    WSAVA is a non-profit organization that generates revenue from contributions, fundraising events, and activities. Anybody can contribute resources and financial support to help the cause.

    One way that they promote science and research is by developing guidelines for veterinarians and pet owners to follow. In this blog post, we will discuss what WSAVA is and how you can use their common sense guidelines to choose food for your dog!

    photo of person feeding dog outside
    Photo by Ricardo Esquivel on Pexels.com

    What are WSAVA Guidelines for Dog Food?

    The WSAVA has developed a set of guidelines to raise awareness for consumers who are looking to choose a quality, science-backed food for their pets. It’s important that I repeat this: the WSAVA does not endorse, certify, or recommend any single brand or formula of dog food.

    These common-sense WSAVA pet food guidelines offer pet owners a sense of security that they are making the right choice in pet food.

    Unfortunately, the pet food industry is complicated and many consumers have been misled by dubious marketing practices.

    I’m outlining the WSAVA Dog food recommendations below:

    #1 – Does the Dog Food Company Employ a Nutritionist?

    The most important thing to look for when choosing pet food is to find out if the company employs a legitimate nutritionist.

    You may be surprised to find out that the solid majority of pet food brands have NO nutritionist on staff at all! (More on this below).

    Appropriate qualifications for a dog food nutritionist are either a PhD in Animal Nutrition, or Board Certification by the American College of Veterinary Nutrition (ACVN) or the European College of Veterinary Comparative Nutrition (ECVCN).

    World Small Animal Veterinary Association

    It’s important to understand that not all nutritionists are created equal! There is a massive difference between somebody who took a short online course, and a Board-Certified Veterinary Nutritionist (with a Ph.D. in animal nutrition).

    Somebody with an M.S. in Animal Nutrition or Animal Science is NOT qualified.

    When a company has no nutritionist on staff, they often rely on outdated recipes or consultants to formulate their food. Oftentimes, the company may even state that they “work with a team of nutritionists”. While this sounds great, it’s code for “we hired a consulting firm to look over our recipe”.

    Some people may be ok with this corner-cutting practice, but it’s been proven time and time again that having a qualified nutritionists on staff is necessary to ensure safe, reliable pet food formulations.

    So be sure to check what ‘kind’ of a nutritionist is on staff, if there is one at all!

    Author note: nutritionists who carry certificates from places such as DNU or DNMU (Dogs Naturally Magazine) or other online blogs and course platforms are not legitimate. These people often spread dangerous misinformation and may even be practicing veterinary medicine (such as treating and diagnosing allergies or stomach problems) without a license.

    To be clear, however, just because a company employs a qualified nutritionist, doesn’t mean that nutritionist is being used to formulate the diet your pet is eating, which brings us to the next point.

    (Read here for some common dog food marketing gimmicks)

    short coated tan dog
    Photo by Helena Lopes on Pexels.com

    #2 – Who Formulates the Diet?

    Many consumers are surprised to learn that a lot of boutique dog foods are formulated by people with very few qualifications in small animal medicine and animal nutrition.

    When you are choosing puppy food or food for your adult or senior dog, verify that the company employs and is using a Board Certified Veterinary Nutritionist (DAVCN Diplomate) or a PhD in Animal Nutrition to formulate and test the food.

    Some companies employ a full team of DACVNs, who work in tandem with on staff companion animal veterinarians and professionals that have an M.S. or PhD in animal nutrition and related sciences.

    Other companies say they employ a “team of nutritionists” however what they really mean is that they only consult with people who don’t work for them. It’s important to read between the lines (read more about this HERE).

    Fromm family foods, for example, are formulated by a chemical engineer. It is only in 2023 that it seems they have hired somebody with an M.S. in Animal Nutrition (marginal qualification).

    Solid Gold “consults with” a nutritionist with a PhD (but doesn’t employ one).

    Diamond Naturals (also Kirkland/Costco, Taste of the Wild, Nutra Nuggest, and 4Health brand) “consults with” a nutritionist with an MS in animal nutrition (but doesn’t employ one).

    Victor Foods are formulated by somebody who has an online certificate in dairy cattle nutrition.

    When a company “consults with” or “works with” a nutritionist, what they are saying is that they have somebody only mildly qualified in their field being paid to formulate the food, or they are using a formulation software and then a consultant looks it over on paper.

    Many companies will respond to this question by indicating that they have a ‘team of highly qualified nutritionists‘. This is smoke and mirrors, as their ‘team’ is often comprised of off-site consultants who have no allegiance to the brand itself.

    Make sure the company actually has qualified people on staff and if they gloss over this answer? Look elsewhere…especially if the foods aren’t also being subjected to proper lab analysis and feeding trials to prove that they are safe, nutritious, and bioavailable.

    Fawnequin

    #3 – What is the quality control process for ingredients & the finished product?

    When it comes to quality control, not all companies are created equal.

    The best companies have a rigorous quality control process that starts with sourcing the highest quality ingredients from suppliers that they trust.

    They then test the ingredients upon arrival to ensure that they meet their high standards.

    After the food is manufactured, they test the finished product to ensure that it meets their nutritional specifications. This is assuming that when the diet was originally formulated, it was also subjected to a range of labs, testing, and feeding trials.

    Only then is the food sent out to be sold in stores.

    The best companies have a comprehensive food safety program in place that includes regular testing of ingredients and products, as well as sanitation protocols at their owned manufacturing facilities.

    They are also ready and willing to issue recalls if something goes wrong. When a company says ‘no recalls’, we get nervous! Companies without recalls may wish to uphold that term regardless of safety, and may not have been established long enough to yet have a recall (new and inexperienced) in the first place.

    Don’t be fooled by unregulated marketing terms such as ‘made in our kitchen’, ‘family oriented company’, and ‘human grade’. These things are NOT an indication of whether or not the food is manufactured with strict protocols.

    Many companies now like to gloss over their formulation practices and lack of feeding trials and nutritional lab results by putting a big emphasis on how they use a 3rd party lab to test for things such as aflatoxins and salmonella. Make no mistake, that’s important, but is that really all they are doing?

    What is WSAVA and What are WSAVA Guidelines?
    Photo by RODNAE Productions on Pexels.com

    #4 – What kind of product research or nutrition studies have been conducted? Is it published in peer-reviewed journals?

    The best companies invest time and money into research and nutrition studies to ensure that their products are of the highest quality, and that our understanding of small animal health is always getting better.

    They also make sure that this research is published in peer-reviewed journals so that other experts can review it, verify its accuracy and learn from it.

    When a company says “we do our own research“, we get skeptical (and you should too).

    Any food brand can conduct ‘research’ by feeding a dog some food and making anecdotal judgments about their health. That’s not proper research, and there is a reason that many ’boutique’ food brands do not submit their research for peer review.

    Many dogs who appear robust, healthy, and shiny die suddenly from nutrition-related (secondary) DCM. The appearance of ‘health’ is not an indicator of actual health.

    Secondary DCM is a problem that is exclusive to untested, poorly formulated boutique food brands.

    In addition to participation in the greater scientific nutrition and animal health community, food companies should also be participating in comprehensive lab analysis of the finished products and AAFCO feeding trials (or better) to prove their formulation in real life, not just on paper.

    If they did not substantiate their food in actual trials, YOUR dog is the guinea pig.

    (See below, the highly tested and researched Royal Canin Giant Breed line from Puppy through Adult)

    63276 MAIN. AC SL1200 V1530038530
    Feed until 8 months of age.
    63278 MAIN. AC SL1200 V1530030508
    Feed from 8-24 months of age.
    62058 MAIN. AC SL1200 V1592946427
    Adult formula from 24 months on.

    What to Look For on a Dog Food Label

    When you are looking at a dog food label, there are a few things that you should pay attention to:

    – The guaranteed analysis (GA)

    – The nutritional adequacy statement

    – The feeding instructions

    The guaranteed analysis is a set of minimums and maximums that must be met by law. We’ve included more information below!

    (Read about why you shouldn’t judge a pet food label by an ingredients list HERE)

    Many people look to the ingredients list when choosing a dog food, however, this is a practice that often results in owners choosing poorly researched low quality foods.

    What dog owners need to understand is that the ingredients list is used for marketing.

    If you ‘like’ the way an ingredients list reads, chances are, it’s been strategically developed to appeal to you. Tricks such as ingredient splitting and fairy dust (dried blueberries and spinach, for example) are often used.

    Not only that, but ‘real meat as the first ingredient‘ or ‘first 5 ingredients are meat’ are actually a marketing trick, and in many cases, meat may not actually be the predominant ingredient in the finished product.

    (Read more about ingredient splitting and by-product meat meals here).

    32

    Nutrition adequacy statement

    This is an important one to look for. This statement must be present on all pet food labels in the United States and it indicates that the food and its nutrient analysis have been formulated to meet, or substantiated in tests to meet AAFCO standards.

    For puppies, you want to see a statement that the food was ‘substantiated in feeding trials’ for growth, for example.

    ‘Animal feeding tests using AAFCO Procedures’ means that actual science and research (AAFCO feeding trials) went into proving the nutritional adequacy of the formulation.

    ‘Formulated to meet’ simply means the food meets the minimum standard, but was not subjected to AAFCO feeding trials.

    ‘Comparable in nutritional adequacy to foods substantiated in food trials’ is less common, but still occasionally seen from small ‘family’ food brands.

    Read more about AAFCO nutritional adequacy statements here.

    How many calories per gram or serving of food?

    This is another important piece of information that you’ll want to look for.

    You can use this information to determine how much food you should be feeding your dog based on their weight and activity level.

    Some foods are more nutrient-dense than others! A higher quality food will, in general, have more calories per serving.

    When you switch to a science-backed diet for your pet, you may find you have to feed much, much less, so watch your dog’s body condition!

    4 1

    Does the company provide contact information?

    You want to be able to reach the company if you have any questions or concerns about their food.

    A good company will have a customer service team that is ready and willing to help you with whatever you need.

    Look for signs that they are truly a science-based company, and not using fluffy marketing to make you ‘feel good’ about the food.

    Here are some unregulated, but common “feel good” marketing terms that can be used in misleading ways:

    • Holistic
    • Family-Owned & Operated
    • Super-Premium
    • No By-Products
    • Meat as the first ingredient
    • Home cooked
    • Fresh
    • Made in our ‘kitchen’
    • Tested in our ‘kitchens’
    • No Recalls
    • Ancient Grains
    • Formulated by veterinarians
    • We use a nutritionist
    • We have a team of ‘nutrition experts’ (but no DACVN or ACVN in sight)
    • Wholesome

    Who makes the food?

    The best companies will be upfront about who makes their food, and they should own and operate their own facilities, especially if they are producing prescription or specialty diets that require detailed protocols and strict attention to detail.

    Many boutique food companies use a co-packer and don’t own or operate their own manufacturing facilities.

    This is a red flag, as they won’t have as much say in quality control, testing, or nutrition protocols.

    There are a small handful of all-purpose, unbranded pet food manufacturing facilities in the United States. These companies make a huge amount of co-packed boutique pet food brands.

    It’s essentially a lot of the same food and same practices…with a different label on it.

    Ask questions. Boutique foods are one of the biggest marketing schemes in the pet industry right now, and many people are falling for it!

    photography of three dogs looking up
    Photo by Nancy Guth on Pexels.com

    What Dog Foods are Approved by WSAVA?

    The WSAVA does not approve or sponsor any dog food. However, they do have guidelines that they encourage companies to follow in order to ensure the safety and quality of their products.

    It is a myth that foods are ‘approved’ or ‘sponsored’ by the WSAVA.

    What Dog Foods Follow WSAVA Guidelines?

    Only a handful of dog and pet food companies actually meet and stringently follow all WSAVA guidelines.

    These manufacturers include and are limited to:

    • Purina Dog Chow, Purina One and Purina Pro Plan
    • Hills Science Diet
    • Royal Canin
    • Eukanuba
    • Iams

    Where most other companies fall short is in not owning their own manufacturing facilities, and not employing qualified nutrition professionals. There are a select few companies who DO come close to meeting guidelines, but aren’t on the list above.

    Boutique diets from companies who do not follow these simple guidelines have the smallest market share of pet food sales overall, but are responsible for 100% of diagnosed nutrition-related secondary DCM cases (an often silent killer).

    These are OUR favorite foods for large and giant breed ADULT dogs, that meet WSAVA Guidelines:

    5232373
    67519 MAIN. AC SL1200 V1649116932
    218811 MAIN. AC SL1200 V1649132230
    114165 MAIN. AC SL1200 V1605828408
    90755 MAIN. AC SL1200 V1635866247
    67470 MAIN. AC SL1200 V1649113309

    Check out THE GIANT DOG FOOD PROJECT to compare brands and values.

    Does WSAVA Receive Kickbacks?

    The WSAVA does not receive kickbacks from any companies, because they don’t specifically promote any particular company.

    In fact, they are a non-profit organization with the mission to “advance animal health and welfare worldwide.”

    Food companies of any type (both those that follow WSAVA guidelines and those that don’t) may contribute science, research, time and financial resources to the WSAVA.

    Ask questions about why boutique companies do not participate in research or the World Small Animal Veterinary Association and the global community this way!

    Additionally, food companies can choose to follow (or not follow) the established guidelines. These guidelines are common sense, so when a food company doesn’t follow them or spins their marketing to make you think that they do, we should be asking a lot of questions.

    Here is our list of science-backed large and giant breed puppy foods that meet WSAVA guidelines:

    Check out THE GIANT DOG FOOD PROJECT to compare brands and values.

    Do Veterinarians Receive Kickbacks from Dog Food Companies?

    This is a common myth, but it’s not true! In the United States, it is illegal for veterinarians to receive kickbacks from any companies, including pet food companies.

    If a food company gives a veterinarian a doormat with its logo on it, they cannot force the veterinarian to recommend that food. That would be unethical. Giving veterinarians sponsored items and asking them to promote the food are two different things.

    Some veterinarians might have a wholesale account to sell certain foods in their lobby. They will often do this so they can offer highly researched and scientifically formulated prescription diets to pets that need them.

    The question is not actually about whether or not veterinarians ‘receive kickbacks’ then, but truly about why veterinarians promote certain brands and not others.

    For a number of reasons, most veterinarians promote science-backed brands such as Purina, Hills, and Royal Canin. They are approached often about promoting ’boutique’ food brands, but they tend to steer clear (because…science and well, laws).

    It is not, however, illegal for pet store employees, ‘nutritionists’ with weak credentials, influencers (us included) and brand reps to earn commissions and ‘kickbacks’.

    As a matter of fact, these people make TONS of money recommending dog food to you. Remind yourself that the next time a pushy Blue Buffalo rep at Petsmart is telling you about how ‘gross’ and ‘nasty’ Purina is.

    READ ABOUT SOME COMMON VETERINARY MYTHS HERE
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    Should I Feed My Great Dane Puppy or Adult Food?

    But, Veterinarians aren’t Nutritionists!

    No, they aren’t.

    But they did go to 4 years of undergraduate school, followed by 4 years of veterinary medicine where they studied companion animal health, surgery, nutrition, and welfare.

    They took upper-level nutrition classes, usually taught by veterinary nutritionists, and then went on to apply this knowledge to every facet of health from the endocrine system to healing, urinary health, thyroid disorders, diabetes, allergies, and liver and kidney function.

    That’s definitely more than most of us and definitely more than your dog trainer, an employee at a pet store, the ‘Dog Food Advisor’ (a human dentist), or somebody you met in a Facebook group who ‘read the ingredients list’.

    The information in those courses and textbooks are often coming from ‘the Big 5’ food brands (Hills, Purina, Eukanuba, Royal Canin, and Iams), because those food brands are the ones most dedicated to health sciences and research, and thus have a lot of important and relevant information to share.

    The Purina Institute, for example, has contributed an insane amount of peer-reviewed data that is helping animals all over the world with everything from bloat to hip dysplasia, cancer and diabetes.

    Some of the veterinarians go on to gain additional certifications in nutrition (MS or PhD). Most veterinarians then, as a result, tend to look up to the resources and information coming from their more educated veterinary peers.

    So when a veterinarian is giving advice about dog food brands, they are getting their advice from actual science.

    Pet store employees, on the flip side, are not veterinarians at all and receive the information they share from food companies that want them to sell their products for, you guessed it, kickbacks.

    We will say this often: look past the feel good marketing start asking big QUESTIONS about boutique dog foods! Have more questions about nutrition? Leave a comment below!