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  • Puppy Mill vs. Breeder : Be Educated

    Puppy Mill vs. Breeder : Be Educated

    Puppy mills, often hidden in plain sight, are a distressing reality within the commercial dog breeding industry. Many pet owners have a hard time telling the difference between a puppy mill vs. breeder when looking for a new pet.

    Despite increased awareness and efforts to combat puppy mills, these mass-breeding facilities continue to operate, churning out puppies for profit while neglecting the welfare of the animals. What’s worse, some organizations disguised as “rescues” may be selling puppy mill dogs!

    Read on for information on:

    • Inhumane living conditions for puppy mill dogs
    • Health issues resulting from irresponsible breeding practices
    • How to distinguish reputable breeders from their unethical counterparts
    • Spotting a puppy mill
    • Signs that a dog came from a puppy mill
    • Puppy mill rescue
    Puppy Mill vs. Breeder

    What is a Puppy Mill?


    A puppy mill is a commercial breeding facility that prioritizes profit over the well-being of the dogs.

    These operations typically mass-produce puppies in overcrowded and unsanitary conditions, often with little regard for the health or genetic quality of the animals. Puppy mills are characterized by inhumane breeding practices, such as overbreeding, lack of proper veterinary care, and minimal socialization.

    The primary goal of puppy mills is to maximize output and profit, leading to the neglect and suffering of the animals involved.

    These facilities commonly supply pet stores, online sellers, “rescues” and brokers with puppies, perpetuating the cycle of irresponsible breeding and contributing to the pet overpopulation problem.

    Puppies that come from puppy mills are often brought to auctions, where they are sold like cattle.

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    Puppy Mill vs. Breeder: Key Differences

    Here’s a comparison between a puppy mill vs. breeder. It’s important to note that the value of each puppy’s life is equal, regardless of their origin. Every puppy deserves a wonderful life.

    However, some may not have the best start due to the practices that brought them into the pet population. This isn’t fair to the puppy or to its future owners.

    Puppy MillEthical Breeder
    Breeding Practices
    Focuses on quantity over quality, often mass-producing puppies without regard for health or genetic issues.Selectively breeds dogs to improve the breed, and will prioritize health, temperament, and conformation.
    Breeds dogs indiscriminately, leading to an increased risk of hereditary diseases and behavioral problems.Conducts health screenings and genetic testing on breeding dogs to minimize the risk of hereditary diseases in puppies.
    Living Conditions
    Dogs are typically kept in overcrowded and unsanitary conditions, often confined to small cages with minimal space for movement or exercise.Maintains clean and spacious facilities where dogs are treated as part of the family, often living inside the breeder’s home.
    Lack of proper hygiene and veterinary care results in a higher incidence of health problems among dogs.Provides adequate space for exercise and socialization, ensuring the well-being of both adult dogs and puppies.
    Socialization & Care
    Puppies receive minimal socialization and interaction with humans, leading to behavioral issues such as fearfulness and aggression.Puppies receive early socialization and exposure to various stimuli to help them develop into well-adjusted pets.
    Basic needs such as proper nutrition, grooming, and veterinary care are often neglected.Provides proper nutrition, veterinary care, and training to ensure the physical and mental health of the puppies.
    Transparency & Accountability
    Lack of transparency about breeding practices, living conditions, and the health of the dogs.Offers transparency about breeding practices, health testing results, and the lineage of the dogs.
    Little to no accountability for the well-being of the animals, with profit being the primary motive.Provides written contracts outlining the responsibilities of both the buyer and the breeder, along with health guarantees and support after the purchase.
    Puppy Mills vs. Ethical Breeders
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    Signs That a Puppy is From a Puppy Mill

    If you have a new puppy, you may have some concerns about if they are from a puppy mill. Even if you think you worked with a reputable breeder, it’s important to know that puppy mills are insidious. They are everywhere!

    Here are some signs that a puppy may come from a puppy mill:

    1. Selling Location:
      • The puppy is being sold in a pet store that sources its puppies from various breeders, including commercial facilities.
      • A broker sold the puppy to you.
      • The seller is unable or unwilling to provide detailed information about the puppy’s breeding history or the facility it came from.
    2. Unwillingness to Allow Visits:
      • The seller refuses to allow potential buyers to visit the facility where the puppies are bred and raised.
      • Excuses are made regarding why visits are not possible, such as claiming that the breeder’s location is remote or that visits are not allowed for health reasons.
    3. Multiple Breeds Available:
      • The seller offers a wide variety of dog breeds available at the same time, which may indicate mass breeding for profit rather than focusing on one or two breeds with expertise and care.
    4. Lack of Health Certifications:
      • The seller cannot provide health certifications or documentation of veterinary care for the puppy or its parents.
      • There is no evidence of genetic or OFA Health testing for hereditary health conditions common to the breed.
    5. Poor Living Conditions:
      • The puppy appears dirty, matted, or unhealthy, suggesting inadequate grooming and care.
      • The seller is unable to provide information about the conditions in which the puppy was raised, or that the environment is visibly unsanitary.
    6. Behavioral Issues:
      • The puppy exhibits signs of fearfulness, anxiety, or aggression, which may result from inadequate socialization during its early development.
      • The puppy shows signs of being under-socialized, such as fear of humans or unfamiliar environments.
    7. Transaction Details:
      • The seller is primarily focused on completing the sale and shows little concern for the puppy’s well-being or its suitability for the buyer’s lifestyle.
      • The seller does not provide a written contract outlining the terms of the sale, including health guarantees and return policies.
    8. Retail Rescue:
      • The puppy comes from a rescue that purchased the litter of puppies at an auction under the guise of “saving” them.
      • The rescue claims that the puppies have been “saved from the meat trade” or “slaughterhouse” (yes, these are puppy mill dogs).
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    What is a Puppy Broker?

    A puppy broker is a middleman or intermediary who facilitates the sale of puppies between breeders and buyers. Instead of breeding puppies themselves, puppy brokers act as a link between those who produce puppies (such as breeders or puppy mills) and those who purchase them (such as pet stores, online sellers, or individual buyers).

    Puppy brokers often deal with large numbers of puppies and may operate on a regional or national level. They typically acquire puppies from commercial breeding operations like puppy mills, and occasionally small home breeders (who are unethical simply because they provide control of their litter to a broker).

    Once acquired, puppy brokers may transport the puppies to different locations for sale, such as pet stores, online marketplaces, or through direct sales to individual buyers. They may also handle advertising, marketing, and logistics related to puppy sales.

    It is unethical to purchase puppies from a broker.

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    What is Retail Rescue?

    Retail rescue is the practice of rescues who may obtain puppies from the “meat trade” or puppy mill auctions, and sell them as “rescues”.

    While in theory, these dogs have been “rescued” from some kind of situation they were in, both of these practices are highly unethical.

    You can spot retail rescues by looking at the puppies they offer.

    Red flags include:

    • Several litters of 8-10+ week-old purebred or designer puppies are available for adoption.
    • They ask for donations so they can “save puppies from a puppy mill” (typically this means they are going to a puppy mill auction to buy puppies).
    • The rescue is selling purebred and designer “rescue” puppies for exorbitant prices, and pricing them based on the desirability of their breed and color.
    • Rescue volunteers will skirt around questions about where the puppies come from.
    • They will adopt a dog out to anybody with few checks and balances.

    What Are “Meat Trade” Rescue Dogs?

    Dogs labeled as rescued from the meat trade are often dogs from puppy mills.

    These organizations market these dogs as “saved from the meat trade”, but this narrative is frequently baseless.

    It manipulates potential adopters by exploiting racial stereotypes, leading them to believe they are saving a dog from abuse and the dinner plate.

    Many dogs identified as “meat trade rescues” originate from puppy mills and were never meant for consumption. Exercise caution and refrain from perpetuating racial stereotypes.

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    What Happens to Puppy Mill Puppies That Aren’t Sold?

    Puppy mill puppies that aren’t sold typically face various outcomes, none of which are ideal for their well-being.

    Unfortunately, every purchase of a puppy mill puppy from any source fuels this terrible machine:

    1. Continued Breeding: In some cases, unsold puppies may be kept by the breeder to continue breeding operations. This perpetuates the cycle of overbreeding and contributes to the proliferation of puppy mills.
    2. Neglect or Abandonment: If breeders cannot find buyers for their puppies, they may neglect or abandon them. These puppies may be left to fend for themselves in overcrowded and unsanitary conditions, leading to health issues and suffering.
    3. Euthanasia: Puppy mill breeders and brokers may euthanize unsold puppies, especially if they are sick or deformed.
    4. Selling to Brokers or Auctions: Some breeders may sell unsold puppies to brokers or auctions, where they are often purchased by other breeders, “rescues”, or pet stores. This perpetuates the cycle of exploitation and contributes to the overpopulation problem.
    5. Surrender to Shelters or Rescues: In some cases, breeders may surrender unsold puppies to animal shelters or rescue organizations. These puppies may then be placed for adoption in loving homes, but they may face challenges due to a lack of socialization and proper care.

    Overall, the fate of unsold puppy mill puppies highlights the unethical practices of the puppy mill industry and underscores the importance of adopting pets from reputable sources that prioritize animal welfare.

    It may be tempting to try and save these dogs, but the puppy mills are counting on people who fall for this trap.

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    How to Stop Puppy Mills

    Stopping puppy mills requires a multifaceted approach involving legislation, consumer awareness, and support for responsible breeding practices. It requires pet owners to be fully informed about the puppy mill vs. breeder comparison.

    Here are some steps that can help address the issue:

    1. Support Legislation: Advocate for stronger animal welfare laws and regulations that regulate commercial breeding operations. Encourage lawmakers to enact and enforce laws that impose stricter standards for breeding facilities, such as minimum space requirements, regular veterinary care, and restrictions on breeding frequency.
    2. Raise Awareness: Educate the public about the realities of puppy mills and the importance of avoiding purchasing pets from disreputable sources. Use social media, community events, and educational campaigns to spread awareness about the cruelty of puppy mills and promote adoption from shelters and reputable breeders.
    3. Promote Adoption: Encourage adoption from animal shelters, rescue organizations, and reputable breed-specific rescues as the primary option for acquiring pets. Highlight the benefits of adopting homeless animals and provide resources to support potential adopters in finding the right pet for their family.
    4. Support Spaying and Neutering: Promote spaying and neutering programs to reduce the population of unwanted pets. Encourage pet owners to spay and neuter their pets and support initiatives that provide affordable or free spay/neuter services to low-income communities.
    5. Choose Responsible Sources: Encourage individuals to research and choose responsible breeders who prioritize the health and welfare of their dogs. Guide other dog lovers on how to identify reputable breeders, including visiting breeding facilities, asking for OFA health certifications, and researching breed-specific organizations.
    6. Boycott Pet Stores: Refrain from purchasing pets from pet stores that source their animals from puppy mills. Instead, support stores that partner with animal shelters or rescue organizations to promote adoption.
    7. Report Suspected Puppy Mills: If you suspect a breeding operation is a puppy mill or is engaging in unethical practices, report it to local animal control authorities, law enforcement, or animal welfare organizations. Provide detailed information and evidence to support your concerns.
  • Signs of Hip Dysplasia in Puppies & Dogs

    Signs of Hip Dysplasia in Puppies & Dogs

    Hip dysplasia is a common orthopedic condition that affects dogs of various breeds and sizes. It occurs when the hip joint develops abnormally, leading to discomfort, pain, and mobility issues. While hip dysplasia is often associated with older dogs, it can also affect puppies. Understanding the signs and symptoms of hip dysplasia in dogs and puppies is crucial for early detection and management.

    This blog post will cover:

    • Signs of Hip Dysplasia in Dogs
    • Puppy’s that sit funny (and what it means)
    • How to prevent hip dysplasia in puppies
    • Puppy nutrition & growth disorders
    • Hip dysplasia diagnosis
    • Treating dogs with hip dysplasia
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    Signs of Hip Dysplasia in Puppies and Dogs

    Here are some key indicators to watch for:

    1. Difficulty Rising: Puppies and dogs with hip dysplasia may struggle to get up from a lying or sitting position. You might notice them hesitating or using their front legs to push themselves up.
    2. Lameness or Limping: A noticeable limp, especially in the hind legs, can be a sign of hip dysplasia. Dogs may favor one leg over the other or exhibit an uneven gait while walking or running.
    3. Decreased Activity Levels: If your puppy or dog is less active than usual, it could indicate discomfort or pain associated with hip dysplasia. They may be reluctant to participate in activities they once enjoyed, such as playing fetch or going for walks.
    4. Stiffness or Pain: Dogs with hip dysplasia may exhibit stiffness, particularly after periods of rest or physical activity. They may also show signs of pain when touched around the hip area or when attempting certain movements.
    5. Audible Clicking or Popping Sounds: Some dogs with hip dysplasia may produce clicking or popping sounds when they move their hips. These noises can indicate joint instability and should be evaluated by a veterinarian.
    6. Loss of Muscle Mass: As hip dysplasia progresses, affected muscles may become weaker or atrophied, particularly in the hindquarters. This loss of muscle mass can contribute to further mobility issues and difficulty supporting the body’s weight.
    7. Difficulty Climbing Stairs or Jumping: Activities that require the use of the hind legs, such as climbing stairs or jumping onto furniture, can be challenging for dogs with hip dysplasia. They may hesitate or exhibit reluctance to perform these movements.

    If you notice any of these signs or symptoms in your puppy or dog, it’s essential to consult with your veterinarian promptly. Early detection and intervention can help manage hip dysplasia and improve your pet’s quality of life.

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    How is Hip Dysplasia Diagnosed in Dogs?

    Diagnosing hip dysplasia in dogs typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history review, and diagnostic imaging. Here’s an overview of the steps involved in diagnosing hip dysplasia:

    1. Physical Examination: During a physical exam, the veterinarian will observe your dog’s gait, posture, and range of motion in the hips and hind legs. They may also palpate the hip joints to check for pain, stiffness, or abnormalities.
    2. Medical History Review: Providing a detailed medical history, including any signs or symptoms you’ve noticed in your dog, can help the veterinarian assess the likelihood of hip dysplasia. Information about your dog’s breed, age, and activity level is also relevant.
    3. Diagnostic Imaging: X-rays (radiographs) are the primary diagnostic tool used to evaluate hip dysplasia in dogs. Sedation or anesthesia may be necessary to obtain clear images, especially in uncooperative or anxious patients. X-rays allow veterinarians to assess the shape of the hip joints, the degree of joint laxity (looseness), and the presence of any arthritic changes.
    4. Additional Tests: In some cases, additional diagnostic tests such as CT scans or MRI may be recommended to provide a more detailed assessment of the hip joint structures. These advanced imaging techniques can be particularly useful for evaluating soft tissue abnormalities and detecting early signs of hip dysplasia.
    5. Orthopedic Evaluation: Depending on the severity of the hip dysplasia and the presence of other orthopedic issues, the veterinarian may perform additional orthopedic tests to assess joint stability, muscle strength, and overall function.

    Once hip dysplasia is diagnosed, the veterinarian will discuss treatment options tailored to your dog’s specific needs. Treatment may include a combination of medical management, weight management, physical therapy, and surgical intervention, depending on the severity of the condition and the dog’s circumstances.

    Regular follow-up examinations and monitoring are essential to track the progression of hip dysplasia and adjust treatment plans as needed. With early diagnosis and appropriate management, dogs with hip dysplasia can lead active and comfortable lives.

    Hip Dysplasia in Dogs
    An abnormal hip x-ray, indicating possible Hip Dysplasia in a dog

    How is Hip Dysplasia Treated in Dogs?

    The treatment approach for hip dysplasia in dogs depends on various factors, including the severity of the condition, the dog’s age, overall health, and lifestyle. Here’s an overview of common treatment options for hip dysplasia:

    1. Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for dogs with hip dysplasia. Excess weight places additional strain on the hip joints and can exacerbate symptoms. Your veterinarian may recommend a balanced diet and exercise plan tailored to your dog’s needs to help achieve and maintain an optimal body condition.
    2. Medications: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be prescribed to alleviate pain and inflammation associated with hip dysplasia. These medications can help improve comfort and mobility, allowing affected dogs to lead more active lives. It’s essential to follow your veterinarian’s dosage instructions and monitor for any potential side effects.
    3. Joint Supplements: Glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, and omega-3 fatty acids are commonly used as joint supplements to support joint health and reduce cartilage degeneration. While these supplements may not reverse existing hip dysplasia, they can help slow the progression of arthritis and improve joint function over time.
    4. Physical Therapy: Rehabilitation exercises, such as swimming, hydrotherapy, and therapeutic stretching, can help strengthen the muscles surrounding the hip joints and improve the range of motion. Physical therapy can also alleviate pain, reduce stiffness, and enhance overall mobility in dogs with hip dysplasia.
    5. Lifestyle Modifications: Making adjustments to your dog’s environment and daily routine can help minimize stress on the hips. Providing supportive bedding, using ramps or stairs to avoid jumping, and limiting high-impact activities can help manage hip dysplasia symptoms and prevent further joint damage.
    6. Surgical Intervention: In severe cases of hip dysplasia or when conservative management fails to provide adequate relief, surgical options may be considered. Common surgical procedures for hip dysplasia include:
    • Total Hip Replacement (THR): This procedure involves replacing the entire hip joint with a prosthetic implant, providing pain relief and restoring normal joint function.
    • Femoral Head Ostectomy (FHO): In FHO surgery, the femoral head (the “ball” of the hip joint) is removed, allowing the surrounding muscles to support the hip joint and reduce pain.
    • Triple Pelvic Osteotomy (TPO): TPO surgery involves altering the shape of the pelvis to improve hip joint stability and reduce the risk of arthritis.

    Regular veterinary examinations and monitoring are essential for dogs undergoing treatment for hip dysplasia. Your veterinarian will assess your dog’s progress, adjust treatment as needed, and provide guidance on managing long-term joint health.

    By combining appropriate treatment modalities and lifestyle modifications, pet owners can effectively manage hip dysplasia and improve their dog’s quality of life. Working closely with your veterinarian and following their recommendations can help optimize outcomes for dogs with this common orthopedic condition.

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    Does Pet Insurance Cover Hip Dysplasia?

    Whether pet insurance covers hip dysplasia depends on the specific policy and insurance provider. Some pet insurance companies offer coverage for hip dysplasia as part of their standard plans, while others may offer it as an optional add-on or require the purchase of a higher-tier plan with broader coverage.

    Here are some key points to consider regarding pet insurance coverage for hip dysplasia:

    1. Pre-Existing Conditions: Most pet insurance policies do not cover pre-existing conditions, including hip dysplasia that was diagnosed before the policy’s effective date or during the waiting period. It’s essential to review the policy terms and exclusions carefully to understand what is and isn’t covered.
    2. Breed-Specific Considerations: Some insurance providers may impose breed-specific restrictions or limitations on coverage for conditions like hip dysplasia. Certain breeds are more prone to developing hip dysplasia, so insurers may adjust premiums or coverage options accordingly.
    3. Coverage Limits and Waiting Periods: Pet insurance policies typically have annual coverage limits, deductibles, and waiting periods before coverage for specific conditions, including hip dysplasia, becomes effective. Be sure to review these details when selecting a policy to ensure it meets your pet’s needs.
    4. Optional Coverage Add-Ons: Some pet insurance companies offer optional wellness plans or riders that cover preventive care, including hip dysplasia screening and diagnostic testing. Adding these options to your policy may provide additional coverage for managing your dog’s orthopedic health.
    5. Policy Renewals and Changes: Insurance providers may adjust coverage terms, premiums, or exclusions at policy renewal. It’s essential to stay informed about any changes to your policy and consider how they may impact coverage for hip dysplasia and other conditions.

    Before purchasing pet insurance, carefully research different providers, compare coverage options and exclusions and consider factors such as cost, coverage limits, and customer reviews. Discussing your specific concerns, including hip dysplasia coverage, with insurance representatives can help you make an informed decision about the best policy for your pet’s needs.

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    What Causes Dogs to Get Hip Dysplasia?

    Hip dysplasia in dogs is a multifactorial condition with both genetic and environmental influences. While the exact cause of hip dysplasia is not fully understood, several factors contribute to its development:

    1. Genetics: Genetics plays a significant role in the development of hip dysplasia. It is believed to be a polygenic trait, meaning it involves multiple genes, each with a small effect on susceptibility. Dogs with a family history of hip dysplasia are at a higher risk of inheriting the condition. When choosing a breeder for your puppy, verify that both parents have been OFA Hip Tested.
    2. Breed Predisposition: Certain dog breeds are more prone to hip dysplasia than others. Large and giant breeds, such as Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, German Shepherds, and Great Danes, are among the most commonly affected. This suggests a genetic predisposition to the condition within these breeds.
    3. Developmental Factors: Hip dysplasia primarily affects growing puppies and young dogs, as the abnormal development of the hip joint occurs during the early stages of skeletal growth. Factors such as rapid growth rate, excessive weight gain, improper nutrition, and inappropriate exercise during the puppyhood stages can contribute to the development and progression of hip dysplasia. I’ll cover nutritional factors below!
    4. Joint laxity: In dogs with hip dysplasia, the hip joint may exhibit excessive laxity or looseness, allowing abnormal movement and instability. This laxity can lead to increased wear and tear on the joint surfaces, cartilage damage, and inflammation, ultimately contributing to the development of hip dysplasia and secondary osteoarthritis.
    5. Environmental Factors: Environmental factors, including diet, exercise, and management practices, can influence the development and progression of hip dysplasia. Providing appropriate nutrition, maintaining a healthy body weight, and avoiding excessive or high-impact exercise during the critical growth phases can help mitigate the risk of hip dysplasia in susceptible dogs.
    6. Other Factors: Hormonal influences, such as estrogen and testosterone levels, may also affect the development of hip dysplasia. Additionally, factors such as trauma, joint infections, and inflammatory conditions can contribute to the progression of hip dysplasia or exacerbate existing symptoms.

    While hip dysplasia is influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, responsible breeding practices and proactive management strategies can help reduce the prevalence and severity of the condition in susceptible dog breeds. Early detection, appropriate veterinary care, and lifestyle modifications are essential for managing hip dysplasia and improving affected dogs’ quality of life.

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    How to Prevent Hip Dysplasia in Puppies

    Preventing hip dysplasia in puppies involves a combination of responsible breeding practices, proper nutrition, appropriate exercise, and proactive management strategies. While it may not be possible to eliminate the risk of hip dysplasia, these measures can help reduce the likelihood and severity of the condition. Here are some steps to consider:

    1. Choose Responsible Breeders: When acquiring a puppy, choose a reputable breeder who prioritizes health and genetic screening. Look for breeders who perform hip evaluations (such as OFA or PennHIP x-rays) on breeding dogs and strive to produce puppies with sound hip conformation. Avoid purchasing puppies from sources that prioritize profit over the health and welfare of the dogs.
    2. Consider Breed Selection: If you’re considering adding a dog to your family, research different breeds and their predisposition to hip dysplasia. While hip dysplasia can occur in any breed, certain breeds, such as Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, and German Shepherds, are more prone to the condition. Choosing a breed with a lower risk of hip dysplasia may reduce the likelihood of the condition occurring.
    3. Provide Balanced Nutrition: Feed your puppy a balanced and nutritious diet appropriate for their age, breed size, and activity level. Proper nutrition is essential for healthy skeletal development and muscle growth. Avoid overfeeding or excessive weight gain, as excess body weight can increase the risk of hip dysplasia and other orthopedic conditions. It’s especially important to ensure that large and giant breed puppies receive balanced levels of calcium and phosphorus in their diet.
    4. Control Growth Rate: Large and giant breed puppies are particularly susceptible to hip dysplasia due to their rapid growth rate. To help reduce the risk, feed controlled portions to prevent rapid weight gain and avoid over-supplementation with growth-promoting nutrients, toppers, and treats. Consult with your veterinarian for guidance on an appropriate feeding plan for your puppy’s specific needs.
    5. Provide Adequate Exercise: Encourage regular, low-impact exercise to promote muscle strength, joint stability, and overall fitness in puppies. Avoid excessive or high-impact activities, such as jumping and rough play on hard surfaces, especially during the critical growth phases. Moderate exercise helps support healthy joint development without placing excessive stress on the hips.
    6. Maintain a Healthy Weight: Keep your puppy at a healthy body weight to minimize strain on the hip joints. Excess weight can exacerbate existing hip dysplasia or increase the risk of developing the condition. Monitor your puppy’s body condition regularly and adjust their diet and exercise as needed to maintain an ideal weight.
    7. Regular Veterinary Check-ups: Schedule regular veterinary examinations for your puppy to monitor their growth and development. Your veterinarian can assess your puppy’s hip conformation and guide you on preventive measures, nutritional counseling, and appropriate exercise routines tailored to their specific needs.
    8. Early Intervention: If you notice any signs of hip dysplasia or orthopedic issues in your puppy, such as limping, stiffness, or difficulty rising, consult with your veterinarian promptly. Early detection and intervention can help manage the condition and prevent further joint damage.

    By incorporating these preventive measures into your puppy’s care routine and working closely with your veterinarian, you can help minimize the risk of hip dysplasia and promote your puppy’s overall health and well-being.

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    Calcium in Puppy Food & Hip Dysplasia

    The relationship between calcium levels in puppy food and hip dysplasia is a topic of ongoing research and discussion in the veterinary community. While calcium is essential for healthy bone development, excessive or imbalanced levels of calcium in a puppy’s diet may contribute to skeletal abnormalities, including hip dysplasia, especially in large and giant breed puppies.

    Many “super premium” and holistic type pet foods are not properly balanced for puppies. I recommend sticking to brands that meet WSAVA recommendations for ingredient sourcing, quality control, manufacturing, and formulation practices.

    Here are some key points to consider regarding calcium in puppy food and its potential impact on hip dysplasia:

    1. Balanced Nutrition: Providing a balanced diet that meets the nutritional needs of growing puppies is essential for skeletal health. Calcium plays a crucial role in bone formation, but it must be provided in the appropriate amount and ratio relative to other nutrients, such as phosphorus and vitamin D.
    2. Calcium Imbalance: Excessive dietary calcium levels or imbalances in the calcium-to-phosphorus ratio can disrupt the normal development of bone and cartilage in puppies, potentially predisposing them to orthopedic conditions like hip dysplasia. Conversely, insufficient calcium levels can also affect bone health and lead to developmental abnormalities.
    3. Growth Rate Management: Controlling the growth rate of large and giant breed puppies is important for reducing the risk of skeletal disorders, including hip dysplasia. Rapid growth and excessive weight gain during the puppyhood stages can place additional stress on developing joints and increase the likelihood of orthopedic problems.

    The Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) establishes standards and regulations for pet food labeling and nutritional adequacy in the United States. When it comes to dog food for puppies, AAFCO provides specific guidelines and statements to ensure that the food meets the nutritional needs of growing puppies. Here are some common AAFCO statements found on dog food labels for puppies:

    1. Complete and Balanced: This statement indicates that the dog food has undergone feeding trials or meets the nutrient profiles established by AAFCO for puppies. It assures consumers that the food provides all essential nutrients in the correct proportions to support the growth and development of puppies.
    2. Formulated to Meet the Nutritional Levels Established by AAFCO: This statement indicates that dog food is formulated to meet the nutrient requirements outlined by AAFCO for puppies. While the food may not have undergone feeding trials, it is designed to provide adequate nutrition for puppies based on AAFCO’s guidelines.
    3. Life Stage Designation (e.g., “For Puppies” or “Growth and Reproduction”): Dog foods labeled for puppies are formulated to meet the specific nutritional needs of growing puppies. AAFCO requires that these foods contain higher levels of certain nutrients, such as protein, fat, calcium, and phosphorus, to support healthy growth and development.
    4. Nutritional Adequacy Statement: This statement indicates whether the dog food is intended for growth, maintenance, or all life stages. Dog foods labeled for puppies should include a statement indicating that the food is suitable for growth, meaning it provides the essential nutrients necessary for the growth and development of puppies.

    When selecting food for dogs expected to weigh more than 70 pounds as adults (including giant puppies such as Great Danes), seek out the label indicating that the food is specifically formulated to support the growth of large breeds.

    Consultation with Veterinarian: Before making any changes to your puppy’s diet or feeding regimen, it’s crucial to consult with your veterinarian. They can provide personalized guidance based on your puppy’s breed, age, health status, and nutritional requirements.It’s important for pet owners to carefully read and understand the information provided on dog food labels, including AAFCO statements, to ensure that they are selecting a high-quality, nutritionally balanced food for their puppies.

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    Natural Treatments for Hip Dysplasia in Dogs

    Natural treatments for hip dysplasia in dogs focus on managing symptoms, reducing inflammation, and promoting joint health through holistic approaches. While these treatments may not cure hip dysplasia, they can help alleviate discomfort and improve your dog’s quality of life. Here are some natural treatment options to consider:

    1. Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for managing hip dysplasia in dogs. Excess weight puts additional strain on the joints, exacerbating symptoms and increasing the risk of progression. Consult with your veterinarian to develop a weight management plan tailored to your dog’s needs, which may include portion control, a balanced diet, and regular exercise.
    2. Regular Nail Trimming: Regular nail trimming is essential for maintaining your dog’s comfort and preventing overgrowth, which can lead to discomfort and mobility issues. It’s important to use proper nail trimmers and techniques to avoid cutting into the quick, causing pain and bleeding.
    3. Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish oil supplements, have anti-inflammatory properties that can help reduce joint inflammation and alleviate pain associated with hip dysplasia. Adding omega-3 supplements to your dog’s diet may help improve joint mobility and overall comfort.
    4. Glucosamine and Chondroitin: Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are natural compounds that support joint health and cartilage repair. These supplements are commonly used to manage osteoarthritis and may benefit dogs with hip dysplasia by promoting joint lubrication and reducing cartilage degeneration. I recommend Dasaquin Advanced.
    5. Turmeric: Turmeric contains curcumin, a natural anti-inflammatory compound that may help alleviate joint pain and inflammation in dogs with hip dysplasia. Adding turmeric to your dog’s diet or providing curcumin supplements may offer symptomatic relief.
    6. Massage and Physical Therapy: Gentle massage and physical therapy techniques can help improve joint mobility, reduce muscle tension, and alleviate pain in dogs with hip dysplasia. Consider working with a certified canine rehabilitation therapist or physical therapist to develop a customized exercise and massage regimen tailored to your dog’s needs.
    7. Acupuncture: Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicine practice that involves inserting thin needles into specific points on the body to promote healing and pain relief. Some dog owners find acupuncture beneficial for managing hip dysplasia symptoms and improving mobility.
    8. Cold and Heat Therapy: Applying cold packs or heating pads to the affected hip joint can help reduce inflammation and soothe discomfort. Cold therapy is particularly effective during acute flare-ups of hip dysplasia, while heat therapy can provide relief for chronic pain and stiffness.

    Before starting any natural treatment regimen for hip dysplasia, it’s essential to consult with your veterinarian to ensure that the chosen therapies are safe and appropriate for your dog’s individual needs. Integrating a combination of natural treatments with veterinary care and lifestyle modifications can help optimize management of hip dysplasia and improve your dog’s comfort and mobility.

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    By staying vigilant and proactive, pet owners can effectively manage hip dysplasia and ensure their furry companions lead happy, healthy lives.

  • Great Danes for Sale: How to Find a Great Dane Puppy

    Great Danes for Sale: How to Find a Great Dane Puppy

    There are many places to find Great Danes for sale, but not all of them are reputable, ethical, or even real! Did you know that many online websites that sell Great Dane puppies are a scam? Or that a lot of Great Dane Breeders who seem friendly and reputable are actually highly unethical?

    I’m going to use this blog to help you find Great Danes for sale from reputable breeders who want to make sure that your pet is healthy, happy, and…REAL!

    There are four places we recommend looking to find Great Dane puppies, and several places we encourage you to steer clear from. Let’s take a look!

    Great Danes for Sale: How to Find Reputable Breeders

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    Great Dane Breeder Registry

    The first place you should look for a Great Dane puppy is through the parent club breeder registry.

    In the U.S., the parent club is called the Great Dane Club of America. There is also the Great Dane Club of Canada and the European Federation of Deutsche Dogge Club, among others.

    Most Great Dane breed clubs are exclusive: meaning, you don’t get to be a member or be in their registry unless you are a well-respected, established Great Dane breeder who also follows the club’s Code of Ethics statements.

    The Code of Ethics documents typically outline requirements for members regarding ethical breeding practices, breed standards, and health testing.

    The breed parent clubs typically have a registry that will allow you to search your area for breeders. Don’t be shy! While these breeders are ‘show breeders’, many of the puppies they produce are beautiful pets from fully health-tested parents.

    Ever wonder why some breeders have the worst websites? Ethical breeders receive a lot of inquiries and don’t need their website to be a marketing platform. Don’t be afraid of breeders whose websites look outdated.

    While it may be tricky to find an ethical breeder with puppies available, the parent club is always the best place to start. By making connections with show breeders, you may find that they can also often refer you to others that they are mentoring (exceptional up-and-coming breeders who may not be advertising).

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    Find Great Dane Puppies at Local Breed Clubs

    The next place to look is through your local breed club!

    The parent clubs outline the breed standard and many of the ethics practices regarding breeding, while the local clubs focus on community. There will likely be active breeders in your local breed club chapter who are not yet members of the main parent club, so your options will expand!

    The breeders who participate in the Great Dane breeder community for your area (for example, the Great Dane Club of Greater Denver or the Great Dane Club of California are all helping each other. They see each other often in club meetings and at shows, too. There are a lot of checks and balances and any breeder who is not breeding for the health and betterment of the breed is unlikely to be welcomed by the local club.

    Search your parent club and your local area for a Great Dane chapter and go from there! Start making connections, you never know who you’ll find. As above, remember that these breeders don’t typically need to advertise and you may not find them through ‘traditional’ channels, but they are the best of the best.

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    See Great Dane Breeders at Dog Shows

    Want to meet several ethical, reputable Great Dane breeders in one day AND meet the parents of your potential future puppy?

    Go to a dog show! You can find listings for dog shows via your local Great Dane breed clubs, the AKC website, and your local all-breed kennel clubs (just do a Google search). Dog shows are typically free (or inexpensive) to attend and will have vendors, concessions, and events such as conformation (showing), dock diving, agility, obedience, and more.

    Find out when and where the Great Danes will be in the show ring, and be a respectful spectator! If you are new to dog shows and want to understand what is happening in the ring before you show up to check it out, read this easy beginners guide from the AKC.

    Never approach a breeder who has just left the show ring, is preparing their dog for the ring, or is about to go into the ring. Remember, showing is a sport that requires focus, dedication, and concentration.

    Sit back and watch the dogs; do any catch your eye? Make note of the handler and when the time is right, start making connections! Most breeders are very welcoming to spectators who are interested in the breed and looking to find an ethical, dedicated breeder for their next pet.

    Remember, for every litter of puppies from a ‘show breeder’, there will be several puppies in the litter that won’t ever be shown. These beautiful dogs are looking for exceptional homes just like yours!

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    Great Dane Breeders that Health Test Facebook Group

    There is one group on Facebook that has dedicated themselves to legitimate breeders who fully health-test the parents. While there are many Great Dane breeder groups on social media, this is the only one we can confidently say is not a scam.

    Tread cautiously with other groups as they are often run by predatory backyard breeders.

    The Great Dane Breeders that Health Test Facebook group requires members to submit the results of the hips, heart, eyes, and thyroid panels that were completed before breeding. Choosing breeders who invest in proper health testing dramatically reduces the risk that you will receive a puppy with expensive and devastating health problems in the future, so this is important!

    You can access that group and find your next Great Dane puppy HERE.

    Always verify at www.ofa.org that the breeder you choose is fully health testing both parents, too.

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    Why is Choosing a Good Great Dane Puppy Breeder Important?

    Great Danes are massive dogs that are unfortunately prone to several genetic health problems.

    The breed itself is unfortunately overrun with “breeders” who cut corners on everything from health testing to socialization. Many of these breeders are selling off-standard “Euro” dogs with health guarantees that are contingent upon the new owner purchasing food or vitamins from the breeder.

    This is a scam and those breeders must be avoided.

    Poorly bred Great Danes suffer from problems with their health and temperament that make their lives shorter and in many cases, uncomfortable. Danes should never be timid, fearful, or aggressive; yet many are.

    Great Danes should have beautiful movement and structure to support their bodies throughout life; but many don’t.

    It’s so important to choose ethical, dedicated breeders.

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    How to Avoid Bad Great Dane Breeders

    There are several unfortunately common places where people look for Great Dane breeders that should honestly be your last resort. These channels are overwhelmed with breeders who are cutting corners on health testing or worse, may not even be real! If you find it easy to find Great Danes for sale, chances are, you’ve found an unethical breeder or a scam.

    Our Great Dane breeder scams page is one of the most popular pages on our site for a reason; there are thousands of breeders out there who are collecting deposits but have no puppies at all. Read more about this scam HERE.

    Here is a short list of things you never want to do when purchasing a Great Dane Puppy:

    • Shop for puppies in social media groups
    • Do a Google search and purchase a puppy online from a website
    • Respond to “breeders” who solicit to you via messaging apps on social media
    • Look for the cheapest puppy you can on Craistlist
    • Choose a breeder from the AKC registry without fully vetting that the breeder has all OFA health tests completed
    • Buy a puppy from a breeder simply because others say they had a “great experience” with them (you must still check into OFA health testing, socialization, and the pedigree)
    • Purchase a puppy from a breeder who requires that you feed vitamins or food that you purchase from them or from their affiliate link (these are typically MLM scams)
    • Breed your own Great Dane to another in exchange for a free puppy without full OFA health testing

  • Purebred vs. Mixed Breed: Which Dog is Right For My Family?

    Purebred vs. Mixed Breed: Which Dog is Right For My Family?

    The purebred vs. mixed breed argument has been going on for years, and it is an important consideration when you are planning to bring a dog into your family.

    Purebred dogs have been bred to develop certain traits, such as size, coat color, and behavior characteristics. This can be great if you’re looking for a specific type of companion.

    On the other hand, mixed-breed dogs do not come with such predetermined traits or risks, and what you get from any specific dog can be a mixed bag. This includes Doodles, which, no matter what you’ve heard, are a mixed-breed dog.

    In either case, make sure you educate yourself on the breed and/or its potential health and temperament problems before committing to your new family member. Let’s dig into this!

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    Purebred vs. Mixed Breed: What Does It Mean?

    Many people have long argued over whether a mixed breed dog or purebred dog is the ‘better’ option.

    But, what does that mean?

    The difference between mixed-breed dogs and purebred dog is their genetic makeup.

    What makes purebreds ‘purebred’?

    A purebred is a dog that has been bred to maintain a specific set of traits, such as size, coat color, and behavior characteristics. Therefore, the puppy’s parents or grandparents must be of the same breed for it to be deemed ‘purebred’.

    What makes mixed breed dogs ‘mixed’?

    Mixed breeds on the other hand are dogs with two or more different breeds in their genetic makeup. Because of this, you are likely to find a wide range of genetic qualities and temperament within the same litter.

    ‘Pedigree Dogs’

    Many backyard breeders use the word ‘papers’ or ‘pedigree’ to try and make you think that the pets they are selling are healthy and ‘verified’. These types of breeders also typically state their dogs are ‘AKC Registered’, a common trick in the book of a bad breeder.

    Don’t get us wrong- a good breeder WILL register their purebreds as AKC dogs, but that is NOT all they will do!

    OFA HEALTH TESTING

    A good breeder will care enough to keep their dogs healthy, better the breed, and take care of the future life ahead of the dogs that they breed they will health test the parents of the litter before the puppies are even born.

    OFA Health Testing

    If you are looking for purebred dog breeds but are worried that they aren’t going to be as healthy as two or more breeds mixed together, consider purebred dogs with OFA (Orthopedic Foundation for Animals) health testing results.

    OFA Health Testing is when the dog’s hips and elbows are x-rayed and they are evaluated by a qualified veterinarian. If the dog passes these tests, it will receive an OFA Number to certify its results.

    A Dog’s Temperament in a Mixed Breed Dog vs. a Purebred Dog

    A dog’s temperament is highly indicative of how it was socialized as a small puppy (0-8 weeks), continued/ongoing socialization, genetic makeup, and its environment.

    A common misconception is that a purebred dog will have a more predictable temperament than its mixed-breed counterpart.

    While this can be true – particularly if you are selecting your puppy from an experienced breeder who has extensively socialized the litter and understands their breed’s temperament – it is not always the case as many purebred dogs are not necessarily ‘healthy’ in the way that they are raised or the genetics that they carry.

    In other words, it is not simply enough to be a purebred dog, but the genetics in which it was born combined with the environment that it is raised in are both key components in how a dog’s temperament will develop.

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    A Mixed Breed Dog and the Unpredictable Temperament

    Mixed breed dogs, however, can often have more unpredictable temperaments than their purebred counterparts due to having less predictable genetic makeup.

    When choosing mixed breed dogs, especially if adopting them as an older dog after the socialization window has closed, a dog parent should immediately get them evaluated by a professional dog behaviorist to understand what type of temperament they may have.

    This will help them to better understand how to work with their fur baby, and potentially modify any problem behaviors to ensure they are the best companion to you and your family member.

    Grooming Needs of Mixed Dogs vs. Purebred Dogs

    When it comes to grooming needs, mixed-breed dogs and purebred dogs will both require regular maintenance.

    A mixed-breed dog does not necessarily require more or less grooming than a purebred, although purebreds tend to have more genetic requirements for grooming.

    However, grooming is one thing that highly depends on the dog in front of you.

    Adoption of a Mixed Breed Puppy vs. a Purebred Puppy

    When you choose to adopt a puppy, you must understand the ‘unknown’ variable is there.

    Visit a shelter and you will see the sheer amount of dogs that need to be adopted. But, where did they all come from? Well, they all had to come from breeders at some point.

    Many shelters will tell you themselves that bad breeders who are breeding for profit are the root of puppy mills.

    Adopting a Mixed Breed Puppy

    There are a large number of mixed-breed puppies that come through shelters each year and can make amazing family members too. They can be harder to predict behavior, could have possible unknown genetic defects and it can be hard to identify the dog’s breed, making it more difficult to predict its size and temperament as an adult.

    Adopting a Purebred Puppy

    Quite frankly, it is nearly impossible to find purebred puppies in shelters who are up for adoption.

    However, sometimes you can find different dog breeds in a shelter, it just takes time to find puppies of the specific breed that you want.

    If you can find a puppy with the breed you are looking for in a shelter or rescue, there are still potential risks and benefits.

    When you adopt a purebred puppy, it will be hard to trace back to the puppy’s parents, leaving you without any information presented as to the genetic makeup of your puppy.

    Also, adopting purebreds from a rescue might be risky as not all rescues do DNA tests, and you could end up with a mixed puppy after all.

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    Health Issues of a Mixed Breed Puppy

    As with adopting any dog, adopting a mixed breed puppy comes with the risks of your puppy having a poor genetic makeup, or maybe even carrying an unknown illness.

    If your puppy appears to be unwell, you must have them tested right away to avoid any illnesses getting worse over time.

    Overall, bringing home a mixed-breed dog from a rescue or shelter will be of better benefit than purchasing a purebred dog from a backyard breeder because not all breeders are of the same standard.

    Plus, you can rest easy knowing that you have saved a life and given your pup the loving home they deserve.

    Purebred Puppies and Health Issues

    If you are looking for a well-suited dog for your family, and you’ve decided you want to look into pure breeds, the health issues that your pet will have is highly dependent on where you decide to get your dog, the dog breeds you look into, and the research you conduct before bringing your pet home.

    Choosing Responsible Breeders

    Most people know that to give their dog the best life possible, they should work to prevent any inherited disorder.

    All pure breeds and mixed breeds are going to be exposed to inherited disorders, but a breeder can prevent these disorders from plaguing your dog by being responsible with their breeding.

    Many breeders who breed for profit and have many puppies in their kennels are known to not be as responsible with their breeding, and therefore the puppies that come from these environments can potentially have more health issues.

    It is important to put in some research before you decide on a breeder and make sure they are providing high-quality care for the dogs they are using.

    Not all breeders are equal. Do your research before bringing home any dog or pet.

    Different Breeds of Purebred Dogs

    All breeds are prone to different forms of diseases.

    For example, labrador retrievers are prone to hip dysplasia, pugs are prone to eye problems, and German shepherds tend to have skin allergies. A purebred golden retriever might be more prone to cancer than a beagle.

    It is important to research the breeds you are interested in and make sure you know about any potential health risks.

    It is important to know what kind of health issues come with the breed that you are looking at so that you can make an informed decision when it comes time to bring your pet home.

    Are Mixed Breed Dogs Healthier Than a Purebred Dog?

    In a study conducted, with over 27,000 dogs it showed that “Purebred dogs were more likely to have 10 genetic disorders, including dilated cardiomyopathy, elbow dysplasia, cataracts, and hypothyroidism. Mixed-breed dogs had a greater probability of ruptured cranial cruciate ligament.”

    However, this study takes into account many dogs who were bred by parents who were not tested before being bred, or by backyard breeders who do not consider proper health measures when breeding.

    When it comes to the overall health of a dog, a mixed-breed puppy can be just as healthy and less prone to disease as a purebred puppy if they are both bred properly.

    A Personal Decision

    Ultimately, each pup is going to have its own unique genetic makeup and health issues. Bringing home any pet is a huge responsibility and there are pros and cons to every decision you make.

    If you decide to go for a purebred puppy, you must do your research to find responsible breeders who have the health of their puppies as a priority. This will help ensure that your pup gets off on the right foot and lives a long life.

    If you opt for mixed breeds, you should be aware of the unknown health history of your dog and be ready to tackle anything that comes your way.

    At the end of the day, you must consider what breed fits best with your lifestyle and family dynamic. This decision is ultimately up to you!

  • Is My Great Dane Well-Bred?

    Is My Great Dane Well-Bred?

    Great Danes are incredible dogs, and they are not for everybody. Is your Great Dane well-bred?

    There is a stark difference between dogs that are well bred (ethically bred) and dogs that were bred for profit. If a Great Dane is well bred, they are less likely to suffer from common disorders such as orthopedic problems, heart disease, bad temperaments, and even bloat.

    Genetics play a role in everything from how a dog is built to how they interact with the world.

    This article is not to say that ‘poorly bred’ Great Danes are bad and ‘well bred’ Great Danes are good. It’s simply meant to be an educational comparison.

    The fact of the matter is that we have a serious problem in the world of Danes. For every breeder focused on health, structure, and temperament, there are tons of Great Dane breeders who are pairing dogs for no other reason other than fun and profit.

    Ear Cropping Great Danes
    Ear Cropping Great Danes

    Well-Bred Great Danes Come From Dedicated Breeders

    No matter what a Great Dane ends up looking like in the end, one of the key elements of being well-bred is that a dog comes from an ethical, dedicated breeder.

    Here are some basics that a breeder should meet to qualify as ‘ethical’.

    Lifetime support of every puppy they ever bred; this includes being willing to take dogs back into their home at any time, for any reason, and never dumping a dog on a rescue or shelter.

    • Breeding for health, temperament, and the written breed standard
    • Knowledgeable about sound Great Dane structure & movement
    • Willing to seek out a 3rd party opinion about the dogs they are breeding, including working with a well-respected mentor, attending AKC dog shows, taking conformation handling and obedience training classes, or by collaborating with the local Great Dane breeding club

    Full health testing of both parents, no exceptions. These tests include OFA Hips, heart, eyes, and thyroid. The results of these tests must be available for you to view at www.ofa.org

    • Exceptionally picky when choosing homes for the dogs they breed
    • Keeps puppies until 8 or 10 weeks of age
    • Never breeds dogs under the age of 2, especially if they aren’t fully OFA health tested

    An ethical breeder will never breed a dog that is aggressive, anxious, fearful, or that has bloat, heart disease, blood clotting disorders, or other known genetic health problems in the pedigree.

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    Well-Bred vs. Not Well-Bred Great Danes

    Coming from a good pedigree and an exceptional breeder who cares about the pedigree is a solid step in the right direction.

    Unfortunately, some breeders are so flippant about their breeding practices that the puppies they produce don’t look like Great Danes at all.

    If you’ve googled this and are wondering if your Great Dane is well-bred or not, we’re going to dig into this with some photos!

    Keep in mind that even in well-bred litters, only a few puppies will be ‘show quality’ (stellar examples of the breed). All puppies are pets, whether they are show-quality or not.

    Puppies who aren’t right for the show ring will still be well-bred, however! Very few puppies are exactly perfect. Some, however, are much further off of the target than others.

    It’s impossible to judge how well bred a puppy is just by looking at an image. Rather than focusing on what ‘well-bred’ looks like, let’s take a look at the opposite. What do dogs who are not well-bred look like?

    The dogs in this gallery below are cute, but do not meet the written standard for Great Danes:

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    Great Dane Faults

    A fault is a trait that a dog has which goes against the recommendations outlined in the written standard.

    Here is a list of faults seen in the dogs above. Again, this is not a beauty contest! It’s simply about making sure that Great Danes are built correctly so they can live long, healthy lives and look like…well…Great Danes!

    How many faults can you spot?

    • Flat feet
    • Long nails
    • Ears that come from the top of the head or that stick out (cute, but makes them look mixed breed)
    • Ears that are long and droopy (cute! But makes them look like hounds)
    • Extremely droopy jowls
    • Droopy eyes with redness and haw showing
    • Steep croup
    • Narrow hips
    • Roached back
    • Apple shaped/dome head
    • Lack of overall substance
    • Heavy and stocky
    • Cathedral chest or flat chest
    • Abused & neglected

    Unfortunately, many of the dogs in the gallery above will be mistaken for other breeds if met on the street. They may be loved family pets, but they are not well-bred.

    Many people will consider the differences in the dogs above to be related to “Euro” vs. “American” breedings, however those terms are nothing more than marketing from breeders who want to sell puppies. Read more about “EURO vs. American” here.

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    What Does a Well-Bred Great Dane Look Like?

    A well-bred Great Dane who comes from an exceptional breeder will be a solid, muscular dog that moves with grace and long forward strides. They will not be stocky, nor will they appear boney and small.

    They have a large head that is chiseled and full of regal expression, whether the ears are cropped or not.

    Their front and rear limbs will be built correctly, ensuring that they can comfortably hold their own weight up for years to come. They will have nice tight feet, short nails, and a glossy coat.

    The chest should be broad and muscular, not flat or weak.

    When they move and stand, they are comfortable keeping their head and neck up (not drooping down, which is a sign of discomfort), and they are not heavy or lumbering.

    Well-bred Great Danes are friendly and courageous.
    They should never be fearful, timid, or aggressive.

    You can read the original Great Dane standard (in the U.S., which is nearly identical to the Canadian and European version) HERE.

    When a Great Dane is built correctly from the ground up, they are less likely to suffer from painful orthopedic problems that cause them a lifetime of issues with movement.

    Notice in the overlay below that the Great Dane in the image:

    • Has an oversized, mastiff-like blocky head
    • Droopy jowls
    • He is unable to hold his head up correctly
    • His hips are higher than his shoulders
    • The top line is sloping up towards the hips, not gracefully down to them
    • He has an exceptionally steep croup with his tail placed very low
    • His rear legs lack angulation, as do the front
    • While the front angulation appears to match the overlay, it’s only because the dog is standing incorrectly
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    Structural Faults in Great Danes

    Structural problems are arguably the most important reason to choose ethical breeders.

    Dogs carry roughly 60% of their weight on the front limbs; for an average 140 lb male, that’s 84 lbs of weight on the chest, shoulders, and front paws!

    It is unfair, shall I say borderline abusive for Great Dane breeders to continue breeding dogs who have significant faults in the way that they are built. Yet, some of the most popular breeders, those who are friendly and have nice websites, are to blame.

    Take the dog below as an example. This chocolate harlequin Great Dane is being bred by a local, very popular breeder. I believe that as of this writing, she is on her 2nd breeding.

    Notice that she has absolutely no chest and no angles; her front arms are so far forward on her ribcage that she has a ‘cathedral’.

    This weight on her front assembly is affecting her front paws, which are flat from struggling to hold herself up. Her rear legs might as well be made of wood; they are stick straight. As a whole this poor dog lacks substance and her rear feet are some of the worst I’ve ever seen.

    She is an AKC registered Great Dane.

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    AKC Papers are Meaningless

    Here is a fun fact for you.

    A dog can have AKC papers, or be from an “AKC Registered” breeder, and still be poorly bred.

    Putting two dogs with an AKC pedigree together is not enough to ensure the health and longevity of this breed that we love.

    If you want to get involved, help us spread the word! The breeder registry at www.gdca.org is a great place to dig through exceptional Great Dane breeders.

    Here is an example of an incredible stud who has passed full OFA screenings and received multiple titles because of how well he adheres to the breed standard: https://vandelftdanes.wixsite.com/mysite/quill

    For more photos of well-bred Great Danes, here are some links to a few favorites:

    Grateful Danes

    Daynakin Great Danes

    Van Delft Great Danes

    • Find ethical breeders on social media and like, comment, and follow them
    • Learn how to spot the difference between an ethical breeder and a ‘nice’ breeder with unethical practices
    • Attend dog shows, meet breeders, and involve yourself in the preservation side of Great Dane breeding. It’s fun and shows are usually free to attend and watch as a spectator!
    • For your next Great Dane, choose adoption or get on the list for well-bred dog
  • What is the GDCA Great Dane Club of America?

    What is the GDCA Great Dane Club of America?

    The GDCA Great Dane Club of America is a non-profit organization that was founded in 1937.

    The club’s mission is to promote and protect the interests of the Great Dane breed, as well as to provide education and resources for its members. The GDCA offers a variety of resources including information on health, genetics, training, and more. They also host events throughout the year, which offer opportunities for Great Dane enthusiasts to come together and celebrate their favorite breed!

    GDCA Mission & Standards

    The purpose of the GDCA is to unite all those interested in the Great Dane and to work for the betterment of the breed by:

    – Maintaining a code of ethics for members

    – Cooperating with other canine organizations

    – Promoting responsible dog ownership

    – Supporting research beneficial to the health and welfare of the Great Dane

    – Educating members and the public

    – Hosting events and activities for Great Dane fanciers

    GDCA Great Dane Club of America

    The Great Dane Breed Standard

    Great Danes are gentle giants! They should be friendly and courageous, never timid or aggressive.

    Well-built Great Danes move gracefully with a powerful reach and drive. They are muscular, yet elegant dogs that should reflect the ideal proportions set forth in the breed standard.

    The GDCA has created an illustrated breed standard for Great Dane dogs that can be read here. At dog shows, the dogs are judged against this standard:

    https://gdca.org/wp-content/uploads/TheGreatDane/2021-GDCA-Illustrated-Standard-10_19_21.pdf

    Compare it to the European FCI version, it’s nearly identical!

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    Recommended Health Testing for Great Danes

    The Great Dane Club of America recommends that breeders complete the following health tests on Great Danes prior to breeding:

    Hip Dysplasia

    Cardiac Evaluation

    Ophthalmologic Examination

    Thyroid Panel

    For more information about the OFA health testing program and on recommended screenings for Great Danes, read HERE.

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    Double-Merle Great Dane Breeding

    The GDCA does allow for breeders to breed spot to spot. The practice of pairing harlequin (spot) dogs with other harlequin dogs can result in white puppies who may be deaf, blind, or have other health problems.

    As of this writing (2022), the GDCA still condones this practice. https://gdca.org/breeders/breeders-color-code/

    Some breeders who are exceptionally diligent about health testing, pedigrees, and color testing might breed spot to spot to diversify their genetic pool and produce well-marked puppies.

    However, it’s not a practice that we stand behind in general, primarily in regard to the majority of Great Dane breeders (who barely do health testing, let alone care about the breed standard as a whole).

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    The Great Dane Club of America Events

    There are several GDCA events each year throughout the U.S.

    The most popular event is the GDCA National Specialty, which is held annually in early summer. Great Dane enthusiasts can attend to show their dogs, learn from others, and participate in other events such as lure coursing and dock diving.

    For a complete list of upcoming events, visit HERE.

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    Great Dane Affiliate Clubs

    Many areas have smaller affiliate clubs that are a spin-off from the main parent club.

    For a list of GDCA Affiliate clubs, visit this link: https://gdca.org/the-gdca/affiliate-clubs/

    How to Become a Member of the GDCA

    Members of the GDCA are among a select group of exceptional Great Dane breeders who are dedicated to the betterment of the breed.

    To become a member of the GDCA, you need to apply.

    Your application must be signed by at least two existing GDCA members in good standing, who have recognized your work and are willing to sponsor you. By sponsoring you, they essentially stand behind you as a member and your breeding practices.

    A qualified GDCA member candidate will have proven to others in the Great Dane community that they care about the breed and are willing to adhere to certain standards and ethics.

    For more information about becoming a member, read HERE: https://gdca.org/the-gdca/members/

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    Ethical Great Dane Breeders & Rescue

    Choosing a reputable and ethical Great Dane breeder is the best way to ensure that you’ll get a healthy, well-adjusted puppy.

    The GDCA has a list of breeders who have signed their Code of Ethics, which can be found HERE.

    If you are interested in adopting an adult Great Dane, there are many wonderful rescues that have Danes available as well. Sometimes, they even have puppies!

    How to Find a Reputable Breeder

    A reputable Great Dane breeder will:

    – Health test their dogs

    – Follow the GDCA Code of Ethics

    – Produce well-adjusted, healthy puppies that meet the breed standard

    -Support puppy buyers for life

    To find a reputable breeder, we recommend starting with the GDCA Breeder Referral list, HERE: https://gdca.org/breeders/

    The people on that list know breeders who are up-and-coming and not yet official members! They can refer you to them as well.

    Another great way to find breeders is to attend AKC dog shows and meet them in person.

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    Great Dane Rescues & the GDCA

    The GDCA and many of its members support Great Dane rescues and never want to see the dogs that they breed end up in shelters.

    They maintain a list of Great Dane rescues in the U.S. which you can view HERE:

    https://gdca.org/the-great-dane/great-dane-rescue

    The Great Dane Breed

    Great Danes are a special breed with a long and noble history.

    For more information about the Great Dane breed, visit HERE: https://gdca.org/the-great-dane/

    If you’re thinking about getting a Great Dane, we urge you to do your research and make sure that you are prepared for the challenges of owning one of these amazing dogs! They are not for everyone.

    The Great Dane Club and the American Kennel Club have some fantastic resources for Great Dane owners to learn more about the breed and its requirements.

    DOG 1 Newwww

    Great Dane Health

    With diligent pedigree research and proper health testing, Danes should have exceptional health.

    But as with any dog breed, there are certain health conditions to be aware of.

    The most common health problems among Great Danes are:

    –Hip and elbow dysplasia

    –Cardiac disease

    -Thyroid Disease

    –Gastric dilatation volvulus (bloat)

    -Cancer

    -Entropion or Cherry Eye

    Diligent attention to pedigrees, health testing, overall structure, current research, and genetic testing can help reduce or eliminate the incidence of these diseases in dogs.

    Great Dane Temperament

    Great Danes should have a gentle and loving disposition. They should be fearless, loyal, and friendly toward people.

    Timid behavior is unfortunately common, but not acceptable.

    Temperament is largely genetic.

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    Great Dane Structure

    The ideal Great Dane is strongly built, yet elegant; well-formed, yet powerful; proud and upstanding. They should have excellent angulation and nice top lines that contribute to good movement, reach, grace, and athleticism.

    Danes should not be heavy, lumbering, or clumsy; these are all signs that they are not built correctly and may also be more likely to be suffering from ACL tears, hip dysplasia, and arthritis.

    The coat should be short, thick, and glossy.

    Great Dane Colors

    The 7 accepted colors within the Great Dane breed standard are:

    –Black

    –Blue

    –Brindle

    –Fawn

    –Harlequin

    –Mantle

    -Merle

    Danes come in a huge rainbow of colors. Only dogs that meet the written breed standard, in the colors listed above, can compete in dog shows.

    15

    Off-Standard Great Dane Coat Colors

    There could be room for other colors to become part of the written standard. People who breed Great Danes have to prove that the color occurs naturally from dogs who were paired first for reasons of health and temperament, and prove that the color doesn’t dilute the gene pool or cause additional health issues.

    Both the merle and the mantle coat pattern were added within the last 20 years.

    Unfortunately, many people breeding dogs are breeding for fun colors, large size, and droop; those things go against GDCA ethics and the written standard.

    We stand behind and believe in the GDCA Great Dane Club of America and encourage all Great Dane owners to check out the event calendar. Attend some upcoming events, meet exceptional Great Dane people, learn about dog sports, and see what ethical, dedicated, and responsible dog owners are doing for this breed we love so much!

  • How to Prepare for Adopting a Great Dane

    How to Prepare for Adopting a Great Dane

    Adopting a Great Dane is a big decision! Great Danes are gentle giants and make for great family dogs. They are loyal, protective, and intelligent. However, they are also one of the most expensive breeds of dog to own. In this blog post, we’ll give you an overview of what to expect when adopting a Great Dane. 

    Adopting a Great Dane
    Adopting a Great Dane

    What to Expect When Adopting a Great Dane 

    Adopting a Great Dane is a big decision! Great Danes are gentle giants and make for great family dogs. They are loyal, protective, and intelligent. However, they are also one of the most expensive breeds of dog to own.

    FOSTERING GREAT DANES
    PANDEMIC PUPPIES
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    The Cost of Owning a Great Dane 

    Great Danes are not cheap dogs to own. They require a lot of food and their veterinary care can be expensive. If you’re thinking about adopting a Great Dane, you need to be prepared for the financial commitment involved in their care. 

    GREAT DANE PRICING
    HOW MUCH DOES IT COST TO OWN A GREAT DANE

    The Space Requirements for a Great Dane 

    Adopting a Great Dane

    Another important consideration when adopting a Great Dane is the amount of space required for them to live happily and healthily. Great Danes need a lot of space – both inside and outside the home – as they are very active dogs. If you live in an apartment or small home, a Great Dane may not be the right breed for you. 

    The Exercise Needs of a Great Dane 

    Along with their space requirements, Great Danes do need a lot of exercise, as some have huge muscle and energy to match. This means that they are not suited to owners who work long hours or who do not have access to open spaces where their dog can run around freely. 

    BOREDOM BUSTERS
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    GOING FOR WALKS WITH GREAT DANES
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    YOUR GREAT DANE IS BORED

    The Training Needs of a Great Dane 

    Like all dogs, Great Danes need to be trained properly from an early age in order to become well-behaved adults. However, due to their large size and high energy levels, training a Great Dane can be challenging if you’re not prepared for it. We recommend enrolling your dog in obedience classes so that you can learn how to train them effectively from an early age. Great Dane puppies go quickly from cute, relatively small adorable pup to full size (still cute!) pets. As they grow quickly- training should happen early!

    POTTY TRAINING A GREAT DANE
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    Typical Rescue Requirements for Adopting a Great Dane

    Adopting a Great Dane

    Rescues often do not adopt Great Dane puppies to just anyone . They often search for families who bring different things to the table and understand what it may be like to care for a Great Dane puppy.

    Great Dane Experience

    It’s important to remember that Great Danes are not your average house pet. They are a giant breed of dog, and as such, require special care and attention. If you’re looking to adopt a Great Dane, it’s best if you have previous experience owning a large dog. This will make the transition for both you and your new pet much easier. 

    Fenced Backyard

    A Great Dane needs plenty of room to run and play. If you live in an apartment or do not have a fenced-in backyard, rescues may agree that adopting a Great Dane may not be the best option for you. 

    All Other Animals Should be Spayed or Neutered

    Adopting a Great Dane
    Adopting a Great Dane

    Great Danes are giant dogs with a lot of energy. Adding another animal to the mix can sometimes be too much for them to handle. For this reason, it’s recommended that all other animals in the household be spayed or neutered before adopting a Great Dane.  Most rescues follow group laws for spay and neuter, and of course some will provide these services themselves.

    Big Dog Knowledge

    As we mentioned before, Great Danes are not your typical house pet. They require patience, love, and care just like any other dog; but because of their size, they also come with some unique challenges. Before adopting a Great Dane, make sure you do your research on how to properly take care of a big dog. 

    The Pros of Adopting a Great Dane

    Adopting a Great Dane
    Adopting a Great Dane

    Danes are incredibly gentle, typically calmer than other breeds, smart and work hard, great with kids—adopting a Great Dane could save a life. If you’re looking for a new furry friend, here are a few reasons why a Great Dane may be the perfect pets for your family. 

    Great Danes are Gentle Giants

    They typically weigh between 100 and 200 pounds and stand between 28 and 34 inches at the shoulder—making them one of the largest dog breeds in the world. And they grow quickly too- transforming into huge pets before you know it. But despite their size, they’re known for being gentle, loving and calm. In fact, many Dane owners say their dogs have the dispositions of adorable “teddy bears.”

    A Great Dane Puppy is Usually Not As Energetic as Other Puppies

    Great Dane Puppies are also typically calmer than other breeds, which make them great pets for families with small children or seniors. Great Dane puppies (or adults!) also intelligent dogs that work hard to please their owners, making them easy to train. So, not only are they adorable and cute, but the Great Dane, at times, enjoys just sitting with their owner on the couch or outside to watch people pass by.

    Great Dane Puppies or Adults are Great Learners

    Adopting a Great Dane
    Adopting a Great Dane

    Danes are also smart and work hard to please their owners, making them easy to train. In addition, Danes are patient and good-natured—which makes them excellent playmates for kids. And because they’re so big, they can provide a sense of security for their families. 

    Adopting Could Improve the Life of a Great Dane Puppy or Adult

    Finally, adopting a Great Dane could save a life. According to the American Kennel Club, “Danes are often overlooked in shelters because of their size; as a result, many end up in rescues or on the streets.” If you have the space and patience to care for a large breed dog, consider adopting a Great Dane from your local shelter or rescue organization. 

    The Cons of Adopting a Great Dane Puppy

    Adopting a Great Dane
    Adopting a Great Dane

    Just like there are a ton of pros, many can agree there are a few cons to adopting Great Dane puppies.

    Some Rescue Great Danes Come with Health Problems

    One of the biggest cons of adopting a Great Dane is that some of them come with health problems. While all dogs come with some risk of health problems, Great Danes are more prone to certain conditions like hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, cardiomyopathy, and bloat. This is something you should take into consideration before adopting a Great Dane puppy, as the costs associated with treating these conditions can be significant. However, it’s important to remember that not all Great Danes will have health problems and many go on to live long, healthy lives.

    The Costs Associated with Great Dane Puppies

    Adopting a Great Dane
    Adopting a Great Dane

    Another con of owning a Great Dane is that they can be expensive to care for. Great Dane puppies are particularly costly, as they need a lot of food to help them grow into their large stature. They also require specialized vet care and grooming due to their size. If you’re not prepared for the additional costs associated with owning a giant breed dog, then a Great Dane puppy might not be the right choice for you.

    Great Dane Puppies and Adults Require Intensive Research and Care

    Finally, it’s important to note that both Great Dane puppies and adults require intensive research and care. If you’re not prepared to put in the time to learn about everything from nutrition to exercise to obedience training, then a Great Dane might not be the right dog for you. They are intelligent dogs who require stimulation both mentally and physically, so if you’re not up for the challenge then you should consider another breed altogether. 

    BACKYARD BREEDER BINGO
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    SHOULD I CHOOSE A BREEDER OR A RESCUE?
    REASONS RESCUES DENY FAMILIES
    WHAT IS A BACKYARD BREEDER?
    WHAT MAKES A BREEDER GOOD?

    Is Adopting a Great Dane Puppy Right For You?

    Adopting a Great Dane
    Adopting a Great Dane

    Owning a Great Dane can be a rewarding experience but it’s important to be aware of the pros and cons before making your decision. Some Rescue Great Danes come with health problems which can be expensive to treat. They also require intensive research and care in order to keep them healthy and happy. If you think you’re up for the challenge then go ahead and adopt a Great Dane puppy! Otherwise, there are plenty of other wonderful dog breeds out there that might be a better fit for your lifestyle.

    GREAT DANE RESCUES

    Screen Shot 2022 03 30 at 2.11.34 PM

    JOIN OUR COMMUNITY

    Do you like modern positive+balanced off-leash dog training, science-based information, life with Danes, educated ownership and chatting with other like-minded people?

    Join our growing Facebook group!

    HELLO DANES ON FACEBOOK
  • All About American Great Danes

    All About American Great Danes

    Do you love BIG dogs? Today we’re talking about the American Great Dane. How are they different from other dogs?

    We’re diving into that, as well as giving you information about Great Dane lifespan, health, and temperament, plus, how to find a Great Dane breeder!

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    What are American Great Danes

    Before we dive into the details here, it’s important for you to know something.

    ‘American’ is actually just…a label.

    When it comes to Great Danes, there is only one actual type! The Great Dane!

    Great Danes are giant breed dogs who can weigh between 115-195 lbs. There is a written standard for the breed, written by the Great Dane Club of America or the FCI (European club) that covers everything from their temperament to their size.

    Some Great Danes are labeled as ‘American’ because they have more refined features. We will dig into this below in the history section!

    The American Kennel Club (AKC)

    The AKC is the main national breed club that recognizes and registers Great Dane dogs in the United States.

    While there are other kennel clubs around the world, the AKC is among the most well-known and respected. Most dog owners know what the AKC is, but may not be aware of how it’s important.

    Beware of U.S. Great Dane Breeders who register their dogs with the ‘CKC’. There are two CKC:

    Continental Kennel Club – Not reputable. Any dog can be registered, low quality.

    Canadian Kennel Club – Reputable Canadian registry for dogs born and bred in Canada

    So, when people talk about ‘American Great Danes’ they are simply referring to the Great Danes that are registered with the AKC.

    Just because a dog is “AKC registered”, doesn’t mean that it’s an ethically bred or well-bred dog! There are many poorly structured, aggressive, off-standard “AKC Registered” “full-blooded” Great Dane dogs.

    Now that we’ve got that out of the way, let’s move on!

    Great Dane Life Span

    How Can Great Dane Breeders Ensure Healthy Puppies?

    How Does Backyard Breeding Impact the way that a Dog Looks?

    13

    American Great Dane history

    Great Danes are a popular giant dog breed that was originally bred to hunt wild boar! With popularity comes, well, problems.

    Backyard breeders jumped at the chance to breed their AKC-registered Great Danes, without consideration for how genetics may affect the structure, health, and overall conformation of the puppies.

    These careless breeding practices have shortened the lives of Great Danes and perpetuated devastating health issues.

    Over time, many pet Great Danes were being seen with more refined features. Their appearance was noted as “greyhound-like”, as they had a smaller build and more dainty features than the “European” Great Danes.

    For the most part, these dogs and the breeders they came from have not (and do not) participated in sanctioned AKC dog show events. So there are no checks and balances.

    Generally, when people want a Great Dane, they want a HUGE DOG. So it’s not surprising that many dog owners, thinking all Danes in the U.S. look like greyhounds, flocked towards breeders that were producing the heavier, droopier, stockier “Euro” hyper-type (more on this below)!

    What Does Euro Mean in Great Danes?

    The Many Great Dane Spots, Colors, and Stripes

    Miniature Great Danes: The Pocket Size Version

    Off Color and Designer Great Danes

    131002060 10223094092573459 5028577976084064328 o

    Great Danes in Dog Shows

    Dog shows are an opportunity for breeders to prove that their dogs meet the written breed standard set by their respective breed club (in the case of Great Danes, it’s the Great Dane Club of America).

    The Great Dane (even one labeled as ‘American’) is no different! In order for a Great Dane to be shown in an AKC dog show, it must first be registered with the AKC, and second, be of structure and stature to compete against other dogs that were carefully and thoughtfully bred.

    Danes that are being shown in AKC events and winning actual titles in the conformation ring display the robust, correctly-built nature of well-bred Great Danes.

    Dogs that are too refined, or that could be labeled as ‘American’, do not perform well. This should be an indication to breeders that they don’t have the correct genetics to pass on, however, backyard breeders do not care.

    They don’t show their dogs, because if they did, their dogs would fail.

    Breeders: Shady Business

    What is OFA Health Testing?

    One Big Droopy Eyed Dog: Eyelid Ectropion in a Dog’s Eye

    In other words, ‘American Great Danes’ are nothing more than a classic symptom of, you guessed it, American greed.

    That’s not to say that every single dog deserves love, they do. It’s not their fault. It’s the fault of the breeders. Love the dog in front of you, please!

    Here is a photo of the Great Dane, sketched by the GDCA in reference to what a well-built Great Dane should look like (bred in America). You’ll note that unlike the common perception of ‘American’ dogs, these dogs are huge, robust, strong, and muscular. Not refined, nor do they look like greyhounds!

    Screen Shot 2022 07 06 at 9.41.26 AM

    Traits of the American Great Dane

    The American Great Dane may have:

    • Ears that stick up or out
    • A smaller build than other Great Danes
    • A refined face with minimal lip
    • Petite feet/paws
    • Poor overall substance
    • Minimal bone/small bones
    • Roached back (also Greyhound-like)
    • Poor angulation
    • Lack of robust chest and hip development

    As above, we love all Great Danes no matter what they look like or where they come from! Just because you don’t have a show dog doesn’t mean you don’t have an ideal pet for your life and home.

    It’s important to keep in mind, however, that these ongoing deviations from the one Great Dane breed standard will affect the overall ‘look’ of Great Danes for years to come.

    Breeders who intentionally breed for these traits should not be celebrated.

    Is Embark a ‘Good Enough’ Health Test?

    Choosing a Dog From a Show Breeder

    What Makes a Breeder Good?

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    American Great Dane size

    Despite their more refined look, Great Danes that are labeled as ‘American’ are still giant breed dogs!

    They have specific needs when it comes to their nutrition, exercise, and overall care.

    We do not recommend purchasing an ‘American’ or Miniature’ Great Dane to save space in your home.

    The practice of intentionally breeding smaller dogs is unethical and may result in health problems that can be expensive and heartbreaking to deal with.

    If you’re looking for a more compact dog, there are plenty of options in smaller breeds! Please do your research before bringing home a new pet, especially a giant breed one!

    The Great Dane Breed Standard

    White Great Danes, How do They Happen?

    How to Find a Great Dane Breeder Near Me

    19 1

    Should I Feed My Great Dane Puppy or Adult Food?

    Are American Great Danes healthier?

    There is no scientific evidence to support the claim that American Great Danes are any healthier than other Great Danes. In fact, due to their often poor lineage, they may be more prone to health problems!

    Miniature or ‘American’ Great Danes are still prone to:

    and more!

    Just because a dog is smaller does not mean it is healthier. In fact, many of the health problems listed above are common in small breeds as well!

    The best way to ensure your Great Dane’s health is to purchase from a reputable breeder who health tests their dogs before breeding and focuses on the written breed standard.

    Screen Shot 2022 06 28 at 12.48.31 PM

    Do American Great Danes make good family pets?

    We love Great Danes and believe they make excellent family pets!

    Great Danes that are labeled as ‘American’ or ‘Miniature’ are often the product of poor breeding and may have health and temperament problems that can make them poor family pets.

    So it’s important to be diligent in your search for a Great Dane Breeder! Great pets come from excellent breeders who are focused on health, longevity, and confident, stable temperaments.

    Many ‘American’ Great Danes from backyard breeders are timid, fearful, snappy, unpredictable, and even aggressive. This is hardly the ideal dog for a family with small children!

    If you’re looking for a Great Dane puppy, please do your research here. We’ve included some helpful resources below for finding an ethical breeder!

    How Can Great Dane Breeders Ensure Healthy Puppies?

    What Should a Great Dane Look Like?

    What is Backyard Breeding, anyways?

    Bad Breeders Great Danes

    Learn more about what makes a breeder ‘bad’.

    What should I feed an American Great Dane?

    All Great Danes are considered giant dogs, even ‘American Great Dane Dogs’.

    They must be fed a large or giant formulation dog food, from a company that meets WSAVA standards and ethics.

    We recommend Purina Pro Plan and Royal Canin, however Hills, Iam’s and Eukanuba also make appropriate foods.

    Many boutique dog foods will use marketing to make you believe that their foods are healthier and of higher quality. It’s important to know the difference.

    Secondary DCM, for example, is an issue where the dog’s heart fails. It often happens suddenly without warning and is seen in dogs that may be otherwise healthy, shiny, and active just moments before. Nutritional (secondary) DCM is caused by poorly formulated boutique dog foods.

    Great Dane: Puppy vs. Adult Food

    A Tasty Top: The Top 11 Foods to Feed a Great Dane

    Should I Feed Grain Free?

    Great Dane Health

    WHAT IS INGREDIENT SPLITTING IN DOG FOOD?

    Learn about this dubious marketing practice that may be harming your dog! ↗

    Should I breed my American Great Dane?

    Breeding dogs is serious business, and with the sheer volume of dogs in rescue at the moment, it’s not something to take lightly.

    We believe in and support ethical breeding practices, but we do NOT support the practice of breeding family pet dogs for fun and profit.

    This means that if you want to be an ethical Great Dane breeder, you must:

    • Health test your breeding stock; this means heart, hips, eyes, and thyroid OFA testing, no exceptions
    • Focus on improving the health and temperament of the breed as a whole; are the dogs you are breeding truly passing on the best genetics?
    • Ensure the lineage is free of bloat, wobblers, aggression, fear, cancer, and blood clotting disorders
    • Only breed dogs that have excellent structure and angulation
    • Be willing to ask for an evaluation and take honest feedback
    • Avoid breeding spot to spot
    • Only breed when you have an excellent home lined up for every puppy that could come from the litter
    • Prepare to support those puppies not only through the tough first 8 weeks but for life
    • Have a minimum of $4000 set aside to address emergent health issues
    • Be willing to lose your female dog to birth complications
    • Keep the puppies for a minimum of 8 weeks, and socialize them well (Puppy Culture)
    • Spay and neuter all dogs that are not being bred
    • Register the puppies with your respective kennel clubs (AKC or FCI), and uphold standards to prevent your puppy buyers from becoming backyard breeders

    Health Risks in Great Danes that all Breeders Should Know About

    What Should a Great Dane Look Like?

    How Can I Make Sure I’m Not Backyard Breeding?

    blue merle great dane puppies heidi marcinik

    What is a European Great Dane?

    A European Great Dane is a dog that was bred and born in Europe. Dogs who are bred to the European Great Dane written standard are nearly identical to those who are bred to the GDCA (American) written standard.

    Which brings us to the ‘EURO’ Great Dane!

    Is a ‘Euro’ Dane and a ‘European’ Dane the same thing?

    No. A ‘Euro’ Dane is a Great Dane that has been bred with larger, droopier features. They are considered hyper-type Great Danes.

    Many Great Dane Puppies that are sold with the ‘Euro’ label have very little, if any European lineage.

    These dogs are often intentionally oversized, and their health and temperament can be questionable.

    ‘American’ and ‘Euro’ Great Danes are not actually a type or variation of Great Danes. Both are simply labels that indicate dogs who were bred out of standard.

    A ‘European Great Dane’, on the other hand, is simply a Great Dane that was born in Europe!

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    GDCA vs. FCI written standard

    The Great Dane Club of America breed standard and the FCI (Europe) breed standard for Great Danes are nearly identical.

    What does this mean? A Great Dane dog who is thoughtfully bred, from either Country, should be comparable when it comes to structure, stature, and temperament.

    Are European Great Danes healthier?

    It can depend on the breeder!

    While it’s rare for ‘EURO’ Great Danes to be healthier by nature, dogs bred to the FCI standard from health-tested parents will be much more robust, long-lived dogs in general.

    This is because the marketing terms ‘American’ and ‘Euro’ are hallmark traits of backyard breeding.

    Breeders who use these terms are often not as concerned with the health, structure, or temperament of their Great Danes– they just want to produce a dog that will sell.

    Screen Shot 2021 04 19 at 1.20.26 PM
    A ‘Euro’ Great Dane that is planned for breeding. Notice her extremely bad feet and lack of angulation.

    Why do ‘Euro’ Danes have droopy eyes?

    This is a trait that is considered a significant fault in both the American and European written standards for Great Danes.

    Droopy eyes are associated with:

    • Entropion
    • Ectropion
    • Dry eye
    • Glaucoma
    • Cherry eye

    These problems can be painful and expensive to treat. Some of them can even lead to blindness!

    ‘Euro’ Great Danes are often bred with this fault intentionally, as it is considered a ‘ stylish’ look.

    70

    European Great Dane Temperament

    The temperament of a well-bred European Great Dane should be no different than the temperament of a well-bred American Great Dane.

    Both are gentle giants, who are patient and loving with children when they are bred from excellent parent dogs and socialized well. They are also intelligent, loyal, and low-maintenance dogs that make great family pets.

    The only difference in temperament may be due to the fact that European Great Danes are often not as widely available in the United States, so they may be less familiar to American dog owners.

    This can make them seem ‘exotic’ or ‘different’, when in reality, they are just the same wonderful breed of dog!

    Bad Breeders: How To Spot Them

    What Does Euro Mean in Great Danes?

    Off Color and Designer Great Danes

    7
    A hyper-type ‘Euro’ Great Dane

    The Great Dane Breed Standard

    The written standard for Great Danes in America and Europe is nearly identical!

    A well-bred Great Dane from either Country will be comparable in terms of structure, stature, and temperament.

    They will be friendly, courageous, confident, strong, lean, and well-muscled. They will have the angular brick-on-brick heads that Great Dane dogs are known for, with almond-shaped eyes (not droopy) and large, tight feet.

    Good angulation means that they will move in a graceful, reaching way.

    Well-bred Danes do not lumber around with their droopy heads hung down; they will glide, reach, and move forward as if they are weightless.

    READ THE GREAT DANE BREED STANDARD HERE

    image 89
    A well-bred Brindle Great Dane and puppy that could compete in the show ring in Europe or the U.S.

    American vs. European Great Danes

    The written Great Dane breed standard in both countries indicates that Great Danes should:

    • Have excellent front and rear angulation (for drive, reach, movement, and to lower the risk of orthopedic damage)
    • Have robust muscle and bone
    • Be lean, muscular, and graceful, not be stocky or refined
    • Have nice tight almond-shaped eyes free of droop, with no haw showing
    • Be friendly and courageous

    While there may be some slight variations in appearance between them, overall, American and European Great Danes are very similar!

    In other words, there is very little difference between American and European Great Danes, other than where they were born!

    Both are gentle giants that make great family pets.

    Here is a European Great Dane photo, from an ethical European breeder:

    Screen Shot 2021 05 11 at 10.26.01 AM

    American and European Danes are…identical.

    Screen Shot 2022 07 06 at 11.20.54 AM

    Where did Great Danes come from?

    Great Danes originated in Germany! All Great Danes have European lineage, decades down the line, as a result.

    The first recorded appearance of a dog that resembled a Great Dane was in Germany in the 16th century.

    These dogs were known as ‘Boar Hounds’, and they were used for hunting wild boar.

    While there are many different theories about how the Boar Hounds came to be, it is certain that they were bred from a mix of different hunting dogs, including the Irish Wolfhound, the English Mastiff, and the Greyhound.

    The Great Dane we know and love today began to take shape in the 19th century.

    Great Danes were originally bred to be large and imposing dogs; however, over time, breeders began to focus on developing the dog’s gentle and loving personality.

    Today, Great Danes are still bred in Germany; however, they are also popular all over the world, including in the United States!

    Great Danes are one of America’s favorite giant dog breeds!

    Read about the world’s tallest Great Dane!

    1

    What is a ‘Well-Bred’ Great Dane?

    A “well-bred” Great Dane is a dog that was bred ethically, thoughtfully, and carefully for health, structure, and temperament.

    This means that the breeder:

    • Has a robust pedigree that has been proven in AKC or FCI sanctioned events for conformation (dog shows), obedience (Canine Good Citizen, for example), sports (scent, dock diving, etc.), or work (therapy, search and rescue).
    • Carefully chose both parents
    • Can prove that the pedigree is free of bloat, DCM/heart disease, blood clotting disorders, genetic aggression/fear/shyness, cancer, and wobblers (all genetic and all early killers of Great Danes)
    • Obtained a CHIC number for both parents, indicating that both were tested for hips, heart, eyes, and thyroid (check your breeder’s attention to detail here! Search the OFA Database where health testing results are registered. Is your breeder not listed or only did a few tests? Congrats, you’ve found a backyard breeder!)
    • Keeps the puppies until 8-12 weeks of age, with no exceptions
    • Will rarely, if ever approve a buyer to purchase multiples at once
    • Uses puppy culture to socialize the puppies
    • Supports the buyers for life
    • Does not sell MLM pet foods or supplements to puppy buyers as part of a contractual requirement
    • Maintains the dogs they own by caring for them, socializing them, and training them
    • Participates in their breed clubs events and discussions
    • Does not claim to sell “American Danes” or “Euro Danes”
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    A well-bred Great Dane: Photo Credit to Tina Schneider at https://www.facebook.com/tina.siegel1

    How to Find a Great Dane Breeder?

    You will not find a well-bred or ethically bred Dane puppy from a:

    • Pet store
    • Craigslist
    • Parking lot
    • Puppy broker
    • Online website
    • Social media (with rare exception)
    • Google search (with rare exception)

    What is the Great Dane Breeder Scam?

    Breed scams are RAMPANT. Many fake breeders are out there with cute puppy photos, trying to get you to place a deposit so they can “ship” you a puppy.

    These people are scammers and have no puppy to sell you. Know the signs. Thousands of people each year fall for this scam and once the money is gone, it’s gone.

    Scam Breeders: What to Look For

    Bad Breeders

    Breeders: Shady Business

    Should I Choose a Breeder or Rescue?

    Choosing a Dog From a Show Breeder

    Sad Puppy

    Where to find an ethically bred Great Dane Puppy

    The only place to find an ethically and well-bred puppy is by starting your search with your local breed club.

    You can search for a Great Dane breeder in the U.S. here! Note that many of these breeders have pretty terrible websites.

    That means they are spending more time raising puppies than they are marketing themselves. This is an important distinction.

    Reach out and ask questions! If they don’t have a litter available, they may know up-and-coming breeders who do.

    What should I ask my Great Dane Breeder?

    It is very rude to send emails to breeders with a list of questions that you want them to answer.

    Instead, begin your communication with some information about you and your family, including your experience with Great Danes and why you are looking to purchase an ethically bred puppy.

    Once the conversation is rolling, you can ask questions to determine if you are the right fit!

    Many pet owners find, in speaking with a well-established and reputable Great Dane breeder, that they aren’t a good fit, and this is ok!

    It’s better that you make the right decision before you bring the puppy home, rather than making a mistake and realizing you have to re-home your dog when they become too big for you to handle.

    The relationship you have with this breeder will be for the life of the puppy, so it’s important that you and the breeder share the same values.

    image 17

    You can then ask the breeder, as part of the conversation:

    Can I see your dog’s OFA/CHIC health testing information? If you don’t have heart, hips, eyes, and thyroid results for both parents, why not?

    Can you share information with me about your pedigree, including titles?

    Why did you pair these two parents?

    If I get a puppy from you, what can I expect my dog’s temperament to be like?

    Is a Great Dane right for my family?

    How many litters do you breed each year, and why?

    How do you socialize your puppies?

    Where and how are the puppies raised?

    What kennel club registration do your puppies have?

    What type of food do you recommend I feed my puppy, and why?

    Do you crop ears, or can you recommend a cropping veterinarian should I choose this procedure for my Great Dane?

    What type of contract do you require for me to purchase a puppy from you?

    Can I show or title a puppy I buy from you?

    What is your policy on spaying and neutering?

    How Does Early Spay Affect Great Danes?

    What is OFA Health Testing?

    Great Dane Puppy Food: the best list!

    64

    THE HELLO DANES GREAT DANE PUPPY RESOURCE PAGE

    Everything you need to know! ↗

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    What should I know about raising a Great Dane puppy?

    Great Danes are giant dogs, which means they have some special considerations. It does not matter if they have been labeled as an “American Dane”, “Euro”, or are a European Great Dane.

    For example, Great Danes must be fed a high-quality diet. Puppies are prone to a number of painful growth disorders, such as knuckling, that can cause permanent deformities if they are fed the wrong food.

    They are also susceptible to hip dysplasia and other joint problems, so it is important to keep them at a healthy weight. This means that they should be kept lean and muscular!

    Great Danes are often genetically susceptible to bloat, wobblers, gut health issues, and DCM.

    Read about these issues here, so you know what can be done to prevent them!

    How to Potty Train a Great Dane Puppy

    Stop Puppy Biting, NOW!

    The Best Crates for Great Danes – Updated List

    19 1

    Should I Feed My Great Dane Puppy or Adult Food?

    Is the Great Dane right for you?

    Great Danes are wonderful pets for those who are prepared to care for them properly.

    They require a high-quality diet, plenty of exercise, and regular vet checkups.

    But if you’re up for the challenge, you’ll be rewarded with a loyal, loving companion!

    Here are some questions to ask yourself, before getting a Great Dane:

    Am I prepared to feed my dog a high-quality diet, and in doing so, understand what those diets actually are and why they are important?

    Can I deal with slobber, water drips, heat cycles, smegma, huge hairy balls, slime, and giant farts?

    How do I feel about having a dog in my home that can take up an entire couch, may not fit in my car, won’t be able to travel on an airplane, and might scare the neighbors, children, and other dogs just because of its size?

    Am I prepared to exercise my dog regularly, preferably off-leash with training (off-leash exercise is ideal for Great Danes!)?

    Do I have a huge pooper scooper, and can I handle giant piles of mushy, slimy poop if the situation arises?

    Have I read up on the difference between a dog that is a true guard dog, and a dog that is simply fearful, timid, and unstable?

    Do I have the time and patience to thoroughly train a giant puppy, who may outweigh me in a matter of months?

    Am I aware that many breeders of Great Danes are operating unethically, and do I know how to spot them?

    Are there other pets in my home that would be ok with the addition of a huge, friendly, bouncy dog?

    Have I read up on bloat, DCM, wobblers, and knuckling?

    Did I teach my children to respect dogs’ space, and did I give them tools and information on how to safely interact with puppies and dogs?

    Am I ok with responsibly keeping a giant dog intact until 18-24 months of age (best for orthopedic development), even when people are ‘grossed out’ or shocked by it?

    Will I put time and effort into understanding dog body language, so that my Great Dane never intimidates, hovers, or is rude to people or dogs?

    Am I willing to continue our obedience training journey, and utilize a modern, balanced training approach with a lot of positive reinforcement?

    Do I have experience with extra-large dogs?

    Am I aware that Great Danes think they are lap dogs, and thus, am I ok with being crushed on the couch?

    Do I understand that this breed has special health considerations, and may suffer from things such as bloat or hip dysplasia?

    Are my other family members ok with this decision?

    Do I have the financial resources to care for a giant dog?

    Am I willing to be patient and wait for the right Great Dane puppy, if it means choosing to support only ethical breeders?

    Can I invest in XL orthopedic dog beds and pet insurance?

    Will I keep the nails short, brush my dog’s teeth, get my dog vaccinated, use parasite preventatives, clean my dog’s ears, and talk to my veterinarian?

    Do I really need a Great Dane, or are other large dog breeds a better fit for my lifestyle?

    READ MORE:

    Blue Great Danes- Facts, Photos, and Care

    The Top 5 Adorable Facts About Brindle Great Dane Dogs

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    JOIN OUR COMMUNITY

    Do you like modern positive+balanced off-leash dog training, science-based information, life with Danes, educated ownership and chatting with other like-minded people?

    Join our growing Facebook group!

    HELLO DANES ON FACEBOOK
  • Misconceptions in the World of Dogs: Debunking the Myths

    Misconceptions in the World of Dogs: Debunking the Myths

    There is a lot of advice and marketing floating around in the world of dogs. A lot of it is dated and much of it is actually dangerous! Misconceptions in the world of dogs are rampant and we’re going to clear up some big ones today.

    These are 5 common ideas in the world of dogs that are actually a big fat scam! These misconceptions are meant to make you buy more things or do things that could actually hurt, frustrate or even kill your dog.

    Read on, friends.

    misconceptions in the world of dogs

    Allergy Testing for Dogs

    Many people whose dogs have loose stools, itching, and other symptoms of allergies will turn to blood or saliva allergy tests for answers.

    These tests prey on desperate dog owners!

    Here is how it goes down:

    The results will show a list of things the dog is supposedly “allergic” to. This list most often includes things like chicken, corn, grains, and grass or pollen.

    Feeling validated, the owner will then choose a boutique “Limited Ingredient” dog food and spend insane amounts of money on expensive diets, supplements, washes, and more.

    When that diet doesn’t work, the owner will switch the diet, again and again, further destroying the dog’s gut health (which of course, leads to more sensitivities, allergies, or even heart failure, YIKES!) while trying to find something that ‘works’).

    (See our post below about designer boutique dog food!)

    The truth about allergy testing in dogs

    There is no good evidence to support any type of blood serum or saliva allergy testing in dogs! As a matter of fact, studies have shown that these tests are wildly inaccurate.

    This article from Tufts University outlines the science behind this. https://vetnutrition.tufts.edu/2020/03/food-allergy-testing

    How to diagnose allergies in dogs

    So what is a pet owner to do?

    A food elimination trial using hydrolyzed protein diets is still the gold standard for diagnosing legitimate food allergies in dogs.

    This means taking your dog off of all food sources, including treats and counter surfing, except for a highly hydrolyzed protein diet (think Hills z/d or Purina HA) for at least 12 weeks.

    If the symptoms improve, then you can slowly add things back in one at a time to see if there is a true allergy.

    But beware, these diets are expensive and not all dogs will eat them!

    This is, of course, assuming that a food allergy is actually what is happening. Actual allergies to specific proteins in food are exceptionally rare, and there are more often environmental factors at play.

    Choosing an appropriate, well-balanced diet (correctly formulated raw and/or quality non-boutique kibble, see below) and addressing environmental allergies with robust gut health and possibly medications (including Benedryl) will be much more effective and healthy for your pet.

    Should I Feed Grain Free?

    Fish Oil for Great Danes

    Puppy Food for Great Danes

    8 Must Know’s for Great Dane Nutrition

    Great Dane Not Eating – What to Do

    32

    Is “Force-Free” Dog Training Ethical?

    The second discussion point in our ‘dog world myths’ series will likely bring us some heat, and that’s ok!

    Some dog trainers out there claim to be “Force-Free” and will use marketing to imply that they are the only “humane”, and “science-based” option.

    They often spend a lot of time bashing other dog trainers, tools, and methods, too.

    But here is the thing:

    It’s scientifically impossible to be “Force-Free” or to use only “Positive Reinforcement”.

    All dog trainers use some form of positive reinforcement (rewarding the dog for doing something) and negative punishment (taking something away from the dog to decrease a behavior).

    Whether it’s withholding a treat, keeping a dog on a long leash, or isolating a dog from socialization and the world to avoid bad behaviors, the reality is that force, punishment, and coercion are at play.

    The problem lies in the fact that a “Force-Free” dog trainer will always choose, without exception, no matter the situation, isolation and physical restraint (yes, force) in lieu of just saying NO.

    For many dogs, this becomes a compounding source of frustration that leads to anxiety, reactivity, frustration, and over-excitement.

    This is especially true when it comes to dangerous and rude (but easily correctable) behaviors such as running out of doors, chasing cars or wildlife, humping, ignoring recall, or jumping the fence.

    These are behaviors that “Force-Free” dog trainers will often choose to manage for months or years at a time with, you guessed it, force in the form of physical restraint and isolation.

    “Force-Free” is a marketing term that misleads dog owners into thinking they are doing something “positive and humane” for their pets.

    Positive Reinforcement in Dog Training

    We believe in and use positive reinforcement in dog training! That should always be the primary way to install new behaviors and guide dogs towards making the correct choice.

    Dogs should have fun learning and never be subjected to intimidation or harsh, forceful corrections.

    However, we recommend avoiding extreme, one-sided dog training methods such as “Force-Free” that are restrictive (and frustrating) to you and your dog.

    Communicating mostly YES with an occasional NO as needed is the most humane thing we can do for our pets!

    Puppy Training: 5 Mistakes in Training

    What is Balanced Training?

    Day Pouch Treat Bag Review

    Is the Gentle Leader an Abusive Tool?

    Things that are More Aversive Than an E Collar in Training

    The Best Collars for Great Danes

    34

    Boutique Dog Foods: Killing our Wallets AND our Pets!

    This is a big one, and I’m sorry I’m going to ruffle some feathers here.

    I’m talking about those “Grain-Free”, “Natural”, “Human Grade”, “Holistic”, and “Super-Premium” Boutique dog foods.

    Before we dive in, here are some simple facts about boutique dog foods:

    1. They are quite often formulated by people who are grossly under-qualified to do so (for example, FROMM foods are formulated by a chemical engineer. Yikes!)
    2. The nutritional minimums outlined by AAFCO are simply met on paper, but the foods themselves are not actually subjected to legitimate feeding trials or ongoing research
    3. There is very little if any, actual research and science being put into the formulations; it’s all made up to appeal to dog owners
    4. The belief that they are of higher quality is perpetuated purely by dog owners, influencers, pet store reps that stand to profit, and people with no credible background in canine nutrition

    Every day expensive new “holistic” dog foods hit the market. It’s a huge money-maker and influencers, pet food reps and dog food companies all stand to profit.

    Many (though not all) of these boutique dog food brands are manufactured in the same facilities that make and pack other “super-premium” dog foods. It’s often the same thing, with a different label.

    Here are some common boutique dog foods:

    59937 MAIN. AC SL1200 V1614009109
    47654 MAIN. AC SL1200 V1510679604
    354071 MAIN. AC SL1200 V1639147663

    They use a lot of marketing to make you feel that you are making a healthy choice for your pet, including the addition of “fairy dust” to make the ingredients list look healthy. (Fairy dust is the addition of fruits and vegetables that are unlikely to add any nutritional value).

    These marketing terms are unregulated and meaningless:

    • Human Grade
    • Holistic
    • Super Premium
    • High-Quality
    • Family-Owned

    What is ingredient splitting?

    Ingredient splitting in dog food is the process of splitting one ingredient (example, peas) into multiple ingredients on the label to make the diet look better on paper.

    For example, let’s say you have dog food that contains peas. The peas may be split on the ingredients list into peas, pea protein, and pea fiber. This is done intentionally to make it more difficult to determine how much of each ingredient is present in the diet.

    Ingredient splitting can make dog food look like meat makes up the bulk of the kibble (by pushing the meat product to the first thing in the ingredients list), when really, what you are buying is an over-priced bag of meat-flavored peas. YIKES!

    DCM and Boutique Dog Food

    There is a known link between boutique diets and the incidence of secondary (nutrition-related) DCM that is actively being researched.

    DCM is a silent killer that often results in sudden death where no prior symptoms had been seen. For this reason, it is unfortunately grossly underdiagnosed.

    It’s not just secondary nutrition-related DCM, though. Chronic loose stools, itching, bone growth disorders, and problems with the liver, kidneys, or pancreas are common.

    Board-Certified Veterinary Nutritionists agree that “holistic” boutique diets, sold to us at higher prices using unregulated marketing terms, are harming our pets.

    8 Nutrition Facts to Keep Your Dog at the Right Weight

    8 Must Knows for Great Dane Nutrition

    Great Dane: Puppy vs. Adult Food

    What is Bloat?

    Should I Feed Grain Free?

    IMG 0416

    IS GRAIN-FREE FOOD DANGEROUS?

    Read more here ↗

    Designer Dogs with Designer Price Tags

    Enter the Great Danoodle. The Bernadoodle. The Sheepadoodle.

    Designer dogs are mixed-breed dogs, marketed to you as the perfect family pet that is “hypoallergenic”, “great with kids” and “easy to train”. This is a huge scam in the pet industry right now.

    Here is the truth about designer doodles!

    • Mixing two dogs together does not guarantee that you will get the best traits of each. That’s not how genetics work.
    • Poodles are high-energy, intelligent working breeds that require a lot of mental and physical enrichment. Doodle puppies who take on more of the poodle genetics are often the same. They may become aggressive, nippy, destructive, or neurotic when lacking appropriate training, socialization, and enrichment.
    • Poodles have a much different orthopedic structure than Sheep Dogs, Bernese Mountain Dogs, and Great Danes. Breeding them together produces a mixed bag that can result in weak hips, roached backs, flat feet, and more.
    • Doodles are never bred from excellent breeding stock; no ethical preservation breeder will contribute their dogs to a mixed-breed doodle program.
    • Doodles are not hypoallergenic. They have a mixed coat type, each one is different, and some puppies will produce more dander and irritants than others.
    • They have intense grooming needs. Doodles require DAILY (yes, daily) brushing and regular trips to the groomer, which can run upwards of $125 or more every 4-6 weeks.
    • FUN FACT: Many groomers will no longer accept doodles because too many owners neglect their dog’s coat maintenance and then become upset when their doodle has to be shaved because of pelting and matting.
    • Very few, if any doodle breeders will fully health test the dogs they breed. Ethical testing would include doing all of the required tests on both parents, recommended by the respective breed club of each breed in the pairing.

    Why are Doodles so popular?

    Doodles have been made popular by, you guessed it, marketing and influencers! Look past the marketing before making a decision about purchasing a doodle for your family.

    Make sure that both breeds in the doodle mix have the temperament and coat type that you would want to live with, as your puppy could turn out either way.

    Off Color and Designer Great Danes

    Breeders: Shady Business

    What is OFA Health Testing?

    Is Embark a ‘Good Enough’ Health Test?

    Great Danoodle

    The Friendly Backyard Breeder in your Community

    We support and believe in ethical breeders.

    However, the average friendly backyard breeder is the biggest problem in the world of dogs right now!

    These breeders often do not know what they are doing, nor do they care.

    They mislead pet owners into believing they are ethical, and THAT is an issue.

    They will often have nice websites and adorable photos of puppies who appear to be well-cared for. You might hear them say that their dogs are ‘genetically clear’ or ‘vet checked and health tested’.

    These friendly backyard breeders, however, do not participate in full, proper health testing or screenings (choosing instead to cherry-pick one or two so they appear reputable). They don’t prove their dog’s structure or temperaments by obtaining titles and participating in the breed’s parent club, and many of them do not support puppy buyers for the life of their dog.

    For example, Great Danes should have hips, heart, eyes, and thyroid screened at a minimum, prior to breeding. A “friendly backyard breeder” may only do hips.

    These unethical breeders tend to breed dogs together based on their color or features, not because of temperament or correct structure.

    They will sell you a puppy who appears healthy, but may:

    • Be timid, shy, or even aggressive
    • Develop serious behavioral problems
    • Have problems with growth
    • Suffers from a poor orthopedic structure that could eventually lead to ACL tears or early arthritis
    • Die young from genetically linked disorders such as bloat, blood clotting disorders, DCM, or wobblers

    Don’t get scammed. Go through your breed’s parent club to find a truly responsible, ethical breeder.

    What is a backyard breeder? The AKC has 1000’s.

    Bad Breeders

    Scam Breeders: What to Look For

    Choosing a Dog From a Show Breeder

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    What other common scams in the world of dogs should we cover? Let us know in the comments below!

    And, don’t forget to share this post with your friends to help spread the word and keep everyone informed. After all, knowledge is power!

  • 12 Things You Didn’t Know About White Great Danes: Are White Great Danes Deaf and Blind?

    12 Things You Didn’t Know About White Great Danes: Are White Great Danes Deaf and Blind?

    Did you know that if your Great Dane has a solid white coat color it could have genetic health problems? Great Danes with white coats are known as Double Merles.

    WHITE GREAT DANE

    WHAT IS A DOUBLE MERLE GREAT DANE?

    A Double Merle Great Dane is a Great Dane that has been bred by two dogs who both carry the dominant merle gene.

    White Danes are produced from doubling up on the Merling gene, as happens in Harlequin x Harlequin breeding, Harlequin x Merle breeding or Merle x Merle breeding.

    When two dogs with the merle gene are bred together, there is a one in four chance that the puppies will be born as a white coated dog. These white dogs are called Double Merle.

    WHITE GREAT DANE
    WHITE GREAT DANE

    Their white coat color is indicative of multiple congenital defects.

    DO ALL WHITE GREAT DANES HAVE HEALTH ISSUES?

    Not all Double Merle dogs will have health issues.

    Although a Great Dane’s coat is a great indicator of their overall health, some DM Great Danes can be healthy dogs.

    Not every Great Dane that is born with a white coat color will experience blindness or be deaf.

    However, a great majority of DM Great Danes will have health issues including sensory issues (blindness and deafness).

    WHAT CAUSES HEALTH ISSUES IN A DOUBLE MERLE GREAT DANE?

    WHITE GREAT DANE
    WHITE GREAT DANE

    The merle gene should not be bred with another merle gene.

    Great Danes require extensive health testing to check for colors that each dog carries for prior to breeding. Otherwise, a breeder might end up with an albino dog.

    Just because a dog does not have a merle coat, does not mean that it does not carry for the merle gene. All Great Dane dogs can carry for merle, which is why health testing is so important.

    Reputable breeders will not breed their giant breed dog without ensuring that only one carries for a dominant gene of Merle.

    BACKYARD BREEDING WHITE GREAT DANES

    WHITE GREAT DANE
    WHITE GREAT DANE

    Unfortunately, bad breeding practices have plagued Great Dane dogs as well as other breeds.

    Double Merle Great Danes have become more and more prevalent as breeding practices have become more lax.

    Pure white Great Dane coat color is even being stated as a ‘rare Great Dane color‘.

    This is a huge red flag. If you notice white puppies in a litter- know that these Great Danes are not ethically bred.

    Although you might think that a breeder producing white Danes can still produce puppies that could make a great family pet, the heartbreak involved is not worth it.

    The Great Dane breed is already predisposed to too many health concerns. Adding in merle deafness, blindness, and the other associated risks of a white coat is just not worth it.

    Do not support any breeder who creates white Great Danes.

    ADDITIONAL HEALTH CONCERNS FOR WHITE GREAT DANES

    WHITE GREAT DANE
    WHITE GREAT DANE

    White Great Danes are not only normally blind and deaf, but they also have additional concerns.

    1. Hip Dysplasia- This is a common health concern for all Great Danes but can be especially painful for aDouble Merle. Deafness and blindness can make it difficult to treat.
    2. Elbow Dysplasia- This is another common orthopedic concern for Great Danes.
    3. Cherry Eye- A third eyelid that becomes prolapsed and irritated.
    4. Autoimmune Thyroiditis- Affects the thyroid gland and can cause weight gain, hair loss, and lethargy.
    5. Skin Allergies/Sensitivities- White Great Danes are especially susceptible to skin allergies and sensitivities.
    6. Skin Cancer- The risk of developing skin cancer is also increased in Great Danes with a white coat.

    Double Merle Great Danes are beautiful dogs but come with a lot of risks. Before you decide to bring one home, please do your research and be prepared for a lifetime of special care. These dogs are not for everyone and their needs should be carefully considered.

    ARE ALL WHITE DOGS CONSIDERED UNHEALTHY?

    WHITE GREAT DANE
    WHITE GREAT DANE

    Not all white puppers are the same.

    White Great Danes are the product of a dominant gene, resulting in a Double Merle. Alternatively, normal dog breeds with white coat colors are the result of a double recessive gene.

    The difference? One of these can make your dog blind, while the other dogs remain healthy.

    If you have a Great Dane puppy who is pure white, they are probably a product of a Double Merle breeding. You should be proactive about their health.

    DOUBLE MERLE GREAT DANES AND BLINDNESS

    WHITE GREAT DANE
    WHITE GREAT DANE

    Not all Great Danes who are white will be blind while they are puppies.

    A white Great Dane puppy can develop blindness at birth, or they might develop blindness as they age.

    Depending on the dog’s age, you can determine their eyesight by either taking them to the veterinarian or conducting at home tests.

    If you notice that your White Great Dane has a harder time with obedience training, following you with their eyes, tracking toys or treats, or if they seem to be bumping into things- it is time for a vet visit.

    These are all early signs of vision problems in Great Danes.

    CATARACTS IN WHITE GREAT DANES

    WHITE GREAT DANE
    WHITE GREAT DANE

    One of the most common eye problems in a Great Dane with vision problems, regardless of coat color, is cataracts.

    Cataracts are a cloudy film that forms over the eye and can eventually lead to blindness.

    The only way to remove cataracts is through surgery.

    This surgery is expensive but can help improve your dog’s quality of life. Not treating cataracts can leave your dog blind.

    If you notice that your White Great Dane is having trouble seeing, take them to the vet. Your vet can do an eye exam on your Great Dane to check for cataracs.

    WHY ARE WHITE GREAT DANES DEAF?

    WHITE GREAT DANE
    WHITE GREAT DANE

    Very commonly, a white Great Dane will have either partial or complete hearing loss.

    This can be developed when your Great Dane is born, or develop over the lifetime of your Great Dane.

    There are a few tests that can be conducted to test your Great Dane’s hearing.

    The most common is the BAER (Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response) test.

    This test is painless and only takes a few minutes. It will determine if your Great Dane can hear low, medium, or high-pitched sounds.

    If you are concerned about your Great Dane’s hearing, talk to your veterinarian.

    USING AN E COLLAR TO TRAIN A BLIND OR DEAF GREAT DANE

    WHITE GREAT DANE

    One of the most powerful methods of training a Great Dane with vision or hearing impairments is through the use of an e collar.

    Since a blind or deaf Great Dane cannot hear or see, they will rely heavily on their sense of smell and their sense of touch.

    Using an e collar can help your Great Dane feel the communication through stimulation (not shock!)

    This form of training will not only help your Great Dane navigate through the world appropriately, but also keep them safe.

    You will NEED a means of communicating with your Great Dane, and being able to use an e collar to do so is the most ethical and effective way of doing so.

    WHITE GREAT DANES AND ALLERGIES

    White Great Danes are especially susceptible to skin allergies and sensitivities.

    The most common allergies are environmental, such as dust, pollen, and grass.

    GREAT DANE SKIN ISSUES

    Environmental allergies can cause your Great Dane to have itchy skin, hot spots, and hair loss.

    Diet plays a huge role in allergies of any Great Danes. Choose a food that is appropriate for a growing or adult Great Dane that will help ease their itchy or dry skin.

    Great Dane: Puppy vs. Adult Food
    A Tasty Top: The Top 11 Foods to Feed a Great Dane
    Should I Feed Grain Free?
    Adding CBD Into Your Great Dane’s Diet
    Supplements for Great Danes
    Fish Oil for Great Danes
    Great Dane Not Eating- What to Do

    EAR INFECTIONS IN A WHITE GREAT DANE

    WHITE GREAT DANE

    If you have a Great Dane that is prone to ear infections, you know what a hassle they can be.

    Not only are they painful for your dog, but they can also be difficult to treat.

    Ear Infections in Great Danes

    There are a few things you can do to help prevent ear infections in your Great Dane.

    First, make sure you are cleaning their ears regularly. This will help remove any dirt or debris that could cause an infection.

    Second, try using an ear cleaner that is specifically designed for dogs. We swear by the product called Xymox, which has proven time and time again to clear up any ear infection.

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    Xymox is our absolute FAVORITE cleanser if your Great Dane has yeast or inflammation in its ears.

    Third, if your Great Dane is going swimming, make sure you dry their ears out completely afterwards.

    If you are doing all of these things and your Great Dane STILL gets ear infections, talk to your vet. They may prescribe a special medication to help prevent future problems.

    ARE HARLEQUIN GREAT DANES THE SAME AS A DOUBLE MERLE GREAT DANE?

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    Many people assume that a white Great Dane is the same as a Harlequin Great Dane.

    This is not true!

    A Harlequin Great Dane does not carry the same health issues that a white Great Dane does.

    In fact, Harlequin Great Danes are one of the 7 breed standard colors approved by the National Breed Club.

    Blue Great Danes
    Mantle Great Danes
    Black Great Danes
    Harlequin Great Danes
    Colors of Great Danes

    The Great Dane Club of America shares standards for the Great Dane breed, which can be very fun to examine. In these standards, the Great Dane Club discusses the American Kennel Club ‘standard’ for a Harlequin Great Dane.

    The Issue with the AKC

    If you are considering Great Dane rescue of a white Great Dane, know that every gentle giant deserves a loving home. These dogs can make for a best friend, loving companion and great family member. But, be prepared for the health issues and associated fees that your pup might bring with it. Preparation is always key to success.

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    READ MORE ABOUT DOUBLE MERLE GREAT DANES: 12 Things You Didn’t Know About White Great Danes: Are White Great Danes Deaf and Blind?

    READ MORE:

    Is My Great Dane Being Aggressive or Playing?